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Electron transport PDB id
1n9o
Jmol
Contents
Protein chain
108 a.a. *
Ligands
SO4
FMN
Waters ×26
* Residue conservation analysis
PDB id:
1n9o
Name: Electron transport
Title: Crystal structure of the phot-lov1 domain from chlamydomonas reinhardtii in illuminated state. Composite data set.
Structure: Putative blue light receptor. Chain: a. Fragment: residues 17-125. Synonym: phot-lov1. Engineered: yes
Source: Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Organism_taxid: 3055. Expressed in: escherichia coli bl21. Expression_system_taxid: 511693.
Biol. unit: Dimer (from PQS)
Resolution:
2.80Å     R-factor:   0.250     R-free:   0.298
Authors: R.Fedorov,I.Schlichting,E.Hartmann,T.Domratcheva,M.Fuhrmann, P.Hegemann
Key ref: R.Fedorov et al. (2003). Crystal structures and molecular mechanism of a light-induced signaling switch: The Phot-LOV1 domain from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Biophys J, 84, 2474-2482. PubMed id: 12668455 DOI: 10.1016/S0006-3495(03)75052-8
Date:
25-Nov-02     Release date:   17-Jun-03    
PROCHECK
Go to PROCHECK summary
 Headers
 References

Protein chain
Pfam   ArchSchema ?
Q8LPE0  (Q8LPE0_CHLRE) -  Putative blue light receptor
Seq:
Struc: 		 
Seq:
Struc: 		750 a.a.
108 a.a.
Key:    PfamA domain  Secondary structure  CATH domain

 Gene Ontology (GO) functional annotation 
  GO annot!
  Biological process     signal transduction   3 terms 
  Biochemical function     signal transducer activity     3 terms  

 

 
DOI no: 10.1016/S0006-3495(03)75052-8 Biophys J 84:2474-2482 (2003)
PubMed id: 12668455  
 
 
Crystal structures and molecular mechanism of a light-induced signaling switch: The Phot-LOV1 domain from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii.
R.Fedorov, I.Schlichting, E.Hartmann, T.Domratcheva, M.Fuhrmann, P.Hegemann.
 
  ABSTRACT  
 
Phot proteins (phototropins and homologs) are blue-light photoreceptors that control mechanical processes like phototropism, chloroplast relocation, or guard-cell opening in plants. Phot receptors consist of two flavin mononucleotide (FMN)-binding light, oxygen, or voltage (LOV) domains and a C-terminal serine/threonine kinase domain. We determined crystal structures of the LOV1 domain of Phot1 from the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii in the dark and illuminated state to 1.9 A and 2.8 A resolution, respectively. The structure resembles that of LOV2 from Adiantum (Crosson, S. and K. Moffat. 2001. PROC: Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 98:2995-3000). In the resting dark state of LOV1, the reactive Cys-57 is present in two conformations. Blue-light absorption causes formation of a proposed active signaling state that is characterized by a covalent bond between the flavin C4a and the thiol of Cys-57. There are differences around the FMN chromophore but no large overall conformational changes. Quantum chemical calculations based on the crystal structures revealed the electronic distribution in the active site during the photocycle. The results suggest trajectories for electrons, protons, and the active site cysteine and offer an interpretation of the reaction mechanism.
 

Literature references that cite this PDB file's key reference

  PubMed id Reference
21352235 A.Losi, and W.Gärtner (2011).
Old chromophores, new photoactivation paradigms, trendy applications: flavins in blue light-sensing photoreceptors.
  Photochem Photobiol, 87, 491-510.  
21525643 A.M.Orville, R.Buono, M.Cowan, A.Héroux, G.Shea-McCarthy, D.K.Schneider, J.M.Skinner, M.J.Skinner, D.Stoner-Ma, and R.M.Sweet (2011).
Correlated single-crystal electronic absorption spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography at NSLS beamline X26-C.
  J Synchrotron Radiat, 18, 358-366.  
21255020 C.Bauer, C.R.Rabl, J.Heberle, and T.Kottke (2011).
Indication for a radical intermediate preceding the signaling state in the LOV domain photocycle.
  Photochem Photobiol, 87, 548-553.  
21261629 I.H.van Stokkum, M.Gauden, S.Crosson, R.van Grondelle, K.Moffat, and J.T.Kennis (2011).
The primary photophysics of the Avena sativa phototropin 1 LOV2 domain observed with time-resolved emission spectroscopy.
  Photochem Photobiol, 87, 534-541.  
21198648 S.Weber, C.Schroeder, S.Kacprzak, T.Mathes, R.M.Kowalczyk, L.O.Essen, P.Hegemann, E.Schleicher, and R.Bittl (2011).
Light-generated paramagnetic intermediates in BLUF domains.
  Photochem Photobiol, 87, 574-583.  
20192744 A.Möglich, X.Yang, R.A.Ayers, and K.Moffat (2010).
Structure and function of plant photoreceptors.
  Annu Rev Plant Biol, 61, 21-47.  
21081920 E.Peter, B.Dick, and S.A.Baeurle (2010).
Mechanism of signal transduction of the LOV2-Jα photosensor from Avena sativa.
  Nat Commun, 1, 122.  
20062844 Y.Tang, Z.Cao, E.Livoti, U.Krauss, K.E.Jaeger, W.Gärtner, and A.Losi (2010).
Interdomain signalling in the blue-light sensing and GTP-binding protein YtvA: a mutagenesis study uncovering the importance of specific protein sites.
  Photochem Photobiol Sci, 9, 47-56.  
19836329 A.Möglich, R.A.Ayers, and K.Moffat (2009).
Structure and signaling mechanism of Per-ARNT-Sim domains.
  Structure, 17, 1282-1294.  
19217862 A.Pfeifer, T.Majerus, K.Zikihara, D.Matsuoka, S.Tokutomi, J.Heberle, and T.Kottke (2009).
Time-resolved Fourier transform infrared study on photoadduct formation and secondary structural changes within the phototropin LOV domain.
  Biophys J, 96, 1462-1470.  
19718042 B.D.Zoltowski, B.Vaccaro, and B.R.Crane (2009).
Mechanism-based tuning of a LOV domain photoreceptor.
  Nat Chem Biol, 5, 827-834.
PDB codes: 3hji 3hjk
19357428 J.J.Holland, D.Roberts, and E.Liscum (2009).
Understanding phototropism: from Darwin to today.
  J Exp Bot, 60, 1969-1978.  
19580761 M.T.Alexandre, R.van Grondelle, K.J.Hellingwerf, and J.T.Kennis (2009).
Conformational heterogeneity and propagation of structural changes in the LOV2/Jalpha domain from Avena sativa phototropin 1 as recorded by temperature-dependent FTIR spectroscopy.
  Biophys J, 97, 238-247.  
19580760 M.T.Alexandre, T.Domratcheva, C.Bonetti, L.J.van Wilderen, R.van Grondelle, M.L.Groot, K.J.Hellingwerf, and J.T.Kennis (2009).
Primary reactions of the LOV2 domain of phototropin studied with ultrafast mid-infrared spectroscopy and quantum chemistry.
  Biophys J, 97, 227-237.  
19271777 U.E.Ukaegbu, and A.C.Rosenzweig (2009).
Structure of the redox sensor domain of Methylococcus capsulatus (Bath) MmoS.
  Biochemistry, 48, 2207-2215.
PDB code: 3ewk
19063612 A.I.Nash, W.H.Ko, S.M.Harper, and K.H.Gardner (2008).
A conserved glutamine plays a central role in LOV domain signal transmission and its duration.
  Biochemistry, 47, 13842-13849.  
18441062 K.Geszvain, and K.L.Visick (2008).
The hybrid sensor kinase RscS integrates positive and negative signals to modulate biofilm formation in Vibrio fischeri.
  J Bacteriol, 190, 4437-4446.  
  18607090 M.Nakasako, M.Hirata, N.Shimizu, S.Hosokawa, D.Matsuoka, T.Oka, M.Yamamoto, and S.Tokutomi (2008).
Crystallization and preliminary X-ray diffraction analysis [correction of anaylsis] of the LOV1 domains of phototropin 1 and 2 from Arabidopsis thaliana.
  Acta Crystallogr Sect F Struct Biol Cryst Commun, 64, 617-621.  
18989482 M.T.Alexandre, R.van Grondelle, K.J.Hellingwerf, B.Robert, and J.T.Kennis (2008).
Perturbation of the ground-state electronic structure of FMN by the conserved cysteine in phototropin LOV2 domains.
  Phys Chem Chem Phys, 10, 6693-6702.  
18444900 P.Hegemann (2008).
Algal sensory photoreceptors.
  Annu Rev Plant Biol, 59, 167-189.  
18942854 R.A.Ayers, and K.Moffat (2008).
Changes in quaternary structure in the signaling mechanisms of PAS domains.
  Biochemistry, 47, 12078-12086.
PDB codes: 2vv6 2vv7 2vv8
18604833 R.J.Kutta, E.S.Hofinger, H.Preuss, G.Bernhardt, and B.Dick (2008).
Blue-light induced interaction of LOV domains from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii.
  Chembiochem, 9, 1931-1938.  
18604202 X.Yao, M.K.Rosen, and K.H.Gardner (2008).
Estimation of the available free energy in a LOV2-J alpha photoswitch.
  Nat Chem Biol, 4, 491-497.  
18500802 Y.T.Kao, C.Tan, S.H.Song, N.Oztürk, J.Li, L.Wang, A.Sancar, and D.Zhong (2008).
Ultrafast dynamics and anionic active states of the flavin cofactor in cryptochrome and photolyase.
  J Am Chem Soc, 130, 7695-7701.  
17764689 A.Möglich, and K.Moffat (2007).
Structural basis for light-dependent signaling in the dimeric LOV domain of the photosensor YtvA.
  J Mol Biol, 373, 112-126.
PDB codes: 2pr5 2pr6
17510367 B.D.Zoltowski, C.Schwerdtfeger, J.Widom, J.J.Loros, A.M.Bilwes, J.C.Dunlap, and B.R.Crane (2007).
Conformational switching in the fungal light sensor Vivid.
  Science, 316, 1054-1057.
PDB codes: 2pd7 2pd8 2pdr 2pdt
17990262 G.Nöll, G.Hauska, P.Hegemann, K.Lanzl, T.Nöll, M.von Sanden-Flohe, and B.Dick (2007).
Redox properties of LOV domains: chemical versus photochemical reduction, and influence on the photocycle.
  Chembiochem, 8, 2256-2264.  
17067285 J.M.Christie (2007).
Phototropin blue-light receptors.
  Annu Rev Plant Biol, 58, 21-45.  
17190816 K.Kühnel, E.Derat, J.Terner, S.Shaik, and I.Schlichting (2007).
Structure and quantum chemical characterization of chloroperoxidase compound 0, a common reaction intermediate of diverse heme enzymes.
  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 104, 99.
PDB code: 2j5m
17944933 W.Eisenreich, M.Joshi, B.Illarionov, G.Richter, W.Römisch-Margl, F.Müller, A.Bacher, and M.Fischer (2007).
13C Isotopologue editing of FMN bound to phototropin domains.
  FEBS J, 274, 5876-5890.  
16669784 N.C.Rockwell, Y.S.Su, and J.C.Lagarias (2006).
Phytochrome structure and signaling mechanisms.
  Annu Rev Plant Biol, 57, 837-858.  
16935961 P.L.Freddolino, M.Dittrich, and K.Schulten (2006).
Dynamic switching mechanisms in LOV1 and LOV2 domains of plant phototropins.
  Biophys J, 91, 3630-3639.  
16731567 R.Efremov, V.I.Gordeliy, J.Heberle, and G.Büldt (2006).
Time-resolved microspectroscopy on a single crystal of bacteriorhodopsin reveals lattice-induced differences in the photocycle kinetics.
  Biophys J, 91, 1441-1451.  
16922605 R.Narikawa, K.Zikihara, K.Okajima, Y.Ochiai, M.Katayama, Y.Shichida, S.Tokutomi, and M.Ikeuchi (2006).
Three putative photosensory light, oxygen or voltage (LOV) domains with distinct biochemical properties from the filamentous cyanobacterium Anabaena sp. PCC 7120.
  Photochem Photobiol, 82, 1627-1633.  
16552739 T.Kottke, P.Hegemann, B.Dick, and J.Heberle (2006).
The photochemistry of the light-, oxygen-, and voltage-sensitive domains in the algal blue light receptor phot.
  Biopolymers, 82, 373-378.  
16107542 A.Jung, T.Domratcheva, M.Tarutina, Q.Wu, W.H.Ko, R.L.Shoeman, M.Gomelsky, K.H.Gardner, and I.Schlichting (2005).
Structure of a bacterial BLUF photoreceptor: insights into blue light-mediated signal transduction.
  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 102, 12350-12355.
PDB code: 2byc
16129597 D.Bourgeois, and A.Royant (2005).
Advances in kinetic protein crystallography.
  Curr Opin Struct Biol, 15, 538-547.  
16150710 D.Matsuoka, and S.Tokutomi (2005).
Blue light-regulated molecular switch of Ser/Thr kinase in phototropin.
  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 102, 13337-13342.  
15879473 H.Guo, T.Kottke, P.Hegemann, and B.Dick (2005).
The phot LOV2 domain and its interaction with LOV1.
  Biophys J, 89, 402-412.  
16852614 M.Dittrich, P.L.Freddolino, and K.Schulten (2005).
When light falls in LOV: a quantum mechanical/molecular mechanical study of photoexcitation in Phot-LOV1 of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii.
  J Phys Chem B, 109, 13006-13013.  
15629718 O.Yildiz, M.Doi, I.Yujnovsky, L.Cardone, A.Berndt, S.Hennig, S.Schulze, C.Urbanke, P.Sassone-Corsi, and E.Wolf (2005).
Crystal structure and interactions of the PAS repeat region of the Drosophila clock protein PERIOD.
  Mol Cell, 17, 69-82.
PDB code: 1wa9
15496133 R.B.Celaya, and E.Liscum (2005).
Phototropins and associated signaling: providing the power of movement in higher plants.
  Photochem Photobiol, 81, 73-80.  
15568974 A.R.Grossman, M.Lohr, and C.S.Im (2004).
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii in the landscape of pigments.
  Annu Rev Genet, 38, 119-173.  
The most recent references are shown first. Citation data come partly from CiteXplore and partly from an automated harvesting procedure. Note that this is likely to be only a partial list as not all journals are covered by either method. However, we are continually building up the citation data so more and more references will be included with time. Where a reference describes a PDB structure, the PDB codes are shown on the right.