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Transcription
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PDB id
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1jgs
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* Residue conservation analysis
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Gene Ontology (GO) functional annotation
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Cellular component
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intracellular
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1 term
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Biological process
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response to antibiotic
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3 terms
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Biochemical function
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DNA binding
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2 terms
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DOI no:
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Nat Struct Biol
8:710-714
(2001)
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PubMed id:
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The crystal structure of MarR, a regulator of multiple antibiotic resistance, at 2.3 A resolution.
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M.N.Alekshun,
S.B.Levy,
T.R.Mealy,
B.A.Seaton,
J.F.Head.
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ABSTRACT
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MarR is a regulator of multiple antibiotic resistance in Escherichia coli. It is
the prototypical member of the MarR family of regulatory proteins found in
bacteria and archaea that play important roles in the development of antibiotic
resistance, a global health problem. Here we describe the crystal structure of
the MarR protein, determined at a resolution of 2.3 A. This is the first
reported crystal structure of a member of this newly-described protein family.
The structure shows MarR as a dimer with each subunit containing a winged-helix
DNA binding motif.
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Selected figure(s)
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Figure 1.
Figure 1. The structure of MarR. a, Sequence alignment of
MarR with representative members of the MarR family. The MarR
secondary structure elements were identified in the present
structure and are illustrated as tubes for -helices
( )
and arrows for -sheets
( );
the single wing region (W1) in MarR is indicated. Numbering is
according to the MarR primary sequence. Residues that are
identical in all homologs are colored in red, highly conserved
amino acids in yellow and moderately conserved residues in blue.
Residues marked with a 'plus sign' form the hydrophobic core of
the N-/C-terminal domain of MarR, and those denoted with an
'asterisk' form the hydrophobic core of the individual
DNA-binding domains. The proteins used for the alignment were
from the following organisms: MarR, E. coli; MprA (EmrR), E.
coli; MexR, P. aeruginosa; YS87, Mycobacterium tuberculosis;
SlyA, S. typhimurium; PecS, Erwinia chrysanthemi; and CinR,
Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens. This figure was prepared using
ALSCRIPT35. b, Ribbon representation of the cocrystal structure
of the MarR dimer viewed with the subunit two-fold axis near
vertical. The secondary structure elements of one subunit are
colored according to the scheme used in (a). The first six
N-terminal residues of MarR are disordered and not included in
the structure. c, Electrostatic surface representation of the
MarR dimer. d, A C trace
of a single MarR subunit in stereo representation. The diagrams
in (b -d) are all viewed in the same orientation and were all
prepared using Swiss PDB Viewer36; (b) was rendered with
POVRAY37.
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Figure 2.
Figure 2. Regions involved in protein -protein interactions.
a, The core of the N-/C- terminal domain is represented by a
surface (red) around the van der Waals radii of the side chain
atoms only of the hydrophobic core residues (indicated by a
'plus sign' in Fig. 1a). The main chain and other residues of
the domain are shown in yellow for one subunit and blue for the
other. Helices leading to and from the domain are shown in
ribbon representation. b, Interactions between the DNA-binding
domains of the dimer are observed only in the region of the Arg
73 -Asp 67' salt bridges. The proximity of the two
salicylate-binding sites per monomer is also shown. This stereo
view is coincident with the two-fold rotation axis of the dimer.
Electron density shown is a 2F[O] - F[C] map contoured at 1 .
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The above figures are
reprinted
by permission from Macmillan Publishers Ltd:
Nat Struct Biol
(2001,
8,
710-714)
copyright 2001.
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Literature references that cite this PDB file's key reference
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| |
PubMed id
|
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Reference
|
 |
|
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|
 |
H.T.Lei,
Z.Shen,
P.Surana,
M.D.Routh,
C.C.Su,
Q.Zhang,
and
E.W.Yu
(2011).
Crystal structures of CmeR-bile acid complexes from Campylobacter jejuni.
|
| |
Protein Sci, 20,
712-723.
|
 |
|
PDB codes:
|
 |
|
|
|
|
|
 |
P.R.Chen,
P.Brugarolas,
and
C.He
(2011).
Redox signaling in human pathogens.
|
| |
Antioxid Redox Signal, 14,
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|
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|
|
|
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A.Fernandez,
D.Lechardeur,
A.Derré-Bobillot,
E.Couvé,
P.Gaudu,
and
A.Gruss
(2010).
Two coregulated efflux transporters modulate intracellular heme and protoporphyrin IX availability in Streptococcus agalactiae.
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| |
PLoS Pathog, 6,
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|
 |
|
|
|
|
 |
A.Grove
(2010).
Urate-responsive MarR homologs from Burkholderia.
|
| |
Mol Biosyst, 6,
2133-2142.
|
 |
|
|
|
|
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C.Andrésen,
S.Jalal,
D.Aili,
Y.Wang,
S.Islam,
A.Jarl,
B.Liedberg,
B.Wretlind,
L.G.Mårtensson,
and
M.Sunnerhagen
(2010).
Critical biophysical properties in the Pseudomonas aeruginosa efflux gene regulator MexR are targeted by mutations conferring multidrug resistance.
|
| |
Protein Sci, 19,
680-692.
|
 |
|
|
|
|
 |
F.Domain,
and
S.B.Levy
(2010).
GyrA interacts with MarR to reduce repression of the marRAB operon in Escherichia coli.
|
| |
J Bacteriol, 192,
942-948.
|
 |
|
|
|
|
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H.Wade
(2010).
MD recognition by MDR gene regulators.
|
| |
Curr Opin Struct Biol, 20,
489-496.
|
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|
|
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I.C.Perera,
and
A.Grove
(2010).
Molecular mechanisms of ligand-mediated attenuation of DNA binding by MarR family transcriptional regulators.
|
| |
J Mol Cell Biol, 2,
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|
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I.I.Mustakhimov,
A.S.Reshetnikov,
A.S.Glukhov,
V.N.Khmelenina,
M.G.Kalyuzhnaya,
and
Y.A.Trotsenko
(2010).
Identification and characterization of EctR1, a new transcriptional regulator of the ectoine biosynthesis genes in the halotolerant methanotroph Methylomicrobium alcaliphilum 20Z.
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| |
J Bacteriol, 192,
410-417.
|
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|
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|
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K.Krastel,
D.B.Senadheera,
R.Mair,
J.S.Downey,
S.D.Goodman,
and
D.G.Cvitkovitch
(2010).
Characterization of a glutamate transporter operon, glnQHMP, in Streptococcus mutans and its role in acid tolerance.
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| |
J Bacteriol, 192,
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|
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|
|
|
|
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L.Horbal,
Y.Rebets,
M.Rabyk,
A.Luzhetskyy,
B.Ostash,
E.Welle,
T.Nakamura,
V.Fedorenko,
and
A.Bechthold
(2010).
Characterization and analysis of the regulatory network involved in control of lipomycin biosynthesis in Streptomyces aureofaciens Tü117.
|
| |
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol, 85,
1069-1079.
|
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|
|
|
|
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L.M.Chubiz,
and
C.V.Rao
(2010).
Aromatic acid metabolites of Escherichia coli K-12 can induce the marRAB operon.
|
| |
J Bacteriol, 192,
4786-4789.
|
 |
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|
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V.Duarte,
and
J.M.Latour
(2010).
PerR vs OhrR: selective peroxide sensing in Bacillus subtilis.
|
| |
Mol Biosyst, 6,
316-323.
|
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|
 |
W.L.Chow,
D.Cheng,
S.Wang,
and
J.He
(2010).
Identification and transcriptional analysis of trans-DCE-producing reductive dehalogenases in Dehalococcoides species.
|
| |
ISME J, 4,
1020-1030.
|
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|
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|
|
 |
Y.H.Yang,
E.Song,
B.R.Lee,
E.J.Kim,
S.H.Park,
Y.G.Kim,
C.S.Lee,
and
B.G.Kim
(2010).
Rapid functional screening of Streptomyces coelicolor regulators by use of a pH indicator and application to the MarR-like regulator AbsC.
|
| |
Appl Environ Microbiol, 76,
3645-3656.
|
 |
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|
 |
Y.M.Chang,
W.Y.Jeng,
T.P.Ko,
Y.J.Yeh,
C.K.Chen,
and
A.H.Wang
(2010).
Structural study of TcaR and its complexes with multiple antibiotics from Staphylococcus epidermidis.
|
| |
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 107,
8617-8622.
|
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PDB codes:
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|
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Z.Liu,
T.A.Walton,
and
D.C.Rees
(2010).
A reported archaeal mechanosensitive channel is a structural homolog of MarR-like transcriptional regulators.
|
| |
Protein Sci, 19,
808-814.
|
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PDB code:
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A.Ballal,
and
A.C.Manna
(2009).
Expression of the sarA family of genes in different strains of Staphylococcus aureus.
|
| |
Microbiology, 155,
2342-2352.
|
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|
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C.B.Poor,
P.R.Chen,
E.Duguid,
P.A.Rice,
and
C.He
(2009).
Crystal structures of the reduced, sulfenic acid, and mixed disulfide forms of SarZ, a redox active global regulator in Staphylococcus aureus.
|
| |
J Biol Chem, 284,
23517-23524.
|
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PDB codes:
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C.E.Nichols,
S.Sainsbury,
J.Ren,
T.S.Walter,
A.Verma,
D.K.Stammers,
N.J.Saunders,
and
R.J.Owens
(2009).
The structure of NMB1585, a MarR-family regulator from Neisseria meningitidis.
|
| |
Acta Crystallogr Sect F Struct Biol Cryst Commun, 65,
204-209.
|
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PDB code:
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|
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J.Kaufman,
T.A.Griffiths,
M.G.Surette,
S.Ness,
and
K.P.Rioux
(2009).
Effects of mesalamine (5-aminosalicylic acid) on bacterial gene expression.
|
| |
Inflamm Bowel Dis, 15,
985-996.
|
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|
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|
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J.Y.Kim,
T.Inaoka,
K.Hirooka,
H.Matsuoka,
M.Murata,
R.Ohki,
Y.Adachi,
Y.Fujita,
and
K.Ochi
(2009).
Identification and characterization of a novel multidrug resistance operon, mdtRP (yusOP), of Bacillus subtilis.
|
| |
J Bacteriol, 191,
3273-3281.
|
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|
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|
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K.Hirooka,
Y.Danjo,
Y.Hanano,
S.Kunikane,
H.Matsuoka,
S.Tojo,
and
Y.Fujita
(2009).
Regulation of the Bacillus subtilis divergent yetL and yetM genes by a transcriptional repressor, YetL, in response to flavonoids.
|
| |
J Bacteriol, 191,
3685-3697.
|
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|
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|
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M.D.Routh,
C.C.Su,
Q.Zhang,
and
E.W.Yu
(2009).
Structures of AcrR and CmeR: insight into the mechanisms of transcriptional repression and multi-drug recognition in the TetR family of regulators.
|
| |
Biochim Biophys Acta, 1794,
844-851.
|
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|
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M.M.Haque,
M.S.Kabir,
L.Q.Aini,
H.Hirata,
and
S.Tsuyumu
(2009).
SlyA, a MarR family transcriptional regulator, is essential for virulence in Dickeya dadantii 3937.
|
| |
J Bacteriol, 191,
5409-5418.
|
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|
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P.K.Madoori,
H.Agustiandari,
A.J.Driessen,
and
A.M.Thunnissen
(2009).
Structure of the transcriptional regulator LmrR and its mechanism of multidrug recognition.
|
| |
EMBO J, 28,
156-166.
|
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PDB codes:
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|
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P.Xue,
D.Corbett,
M.Goldrick,
C.Naylor,
and
I.S.Roberts
(2009).
Regulation of expression of the region 3 promoter of the Escherichia coli K5 capsule gene cluster involves H-NS, SlyA, and a large 5' untranslated region.
|
| |
J Bacteriol, 191,
1838-1846.
|
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|
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|
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S.Schielke,
C.Huebner,
C.Spatz,
V.Nägele,
N.Ackermann,
M.Frosch,
O.Kurzai,
and
A.Schubert-Unkmeir
(2009).
Expression of the meningococcal adhesin NadA is controlled by a transcriptional regulator of the MarR family.
|
| |
Mol Microbiol, 72,
1054-1067.
|
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|
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|
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T.Kumarevel,
T.Tanaka,
T.Umehara,
and
S.Yokoyama
(2009).
ST1710-DNA complex crystal structure reveals the DNA binding mechanism of the MarR family of regulators.
|
| |
Nucleic Acids Res, 37,
4723-4735.
|
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|
PDB codes:
|
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|
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V.Ricci,
and
L.J.Piddock
(2009).
Ciprofloxacin selects for multidrug resistance in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium mediated by at least two different pathways.
|
| |
J Antimicrob Chemother, 63,
909-916.
|
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|
|
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|
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W.Eiamphungporn,
S.Soonsanga,
J.W.Lee,
and
J.D.Helmann
(2009).
Oxidation of a single active site suffices for the functional inactivation of the dimeric Bacillus subtilis OhrR repressor in vitro.
|
| |
Nucleic Acids Res, 37,
1174-1181.
|
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|
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|
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Y.M.Zhang,
and
C.O.Rock
(2009).
Transcriptional regulation in bacterial membrane lipid synthesis.
|
| |
J Lipid Res, 50,
S115-S119.
|
 |
|
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|
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Z.Ma,
F.E.Jacobsen,
and
D.P.Giedroc
(2009).
Coordination chemistry of bacterial metal transport and sensing.
|
| |
Chem Rev, 109,
4644-4681.
|
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|
|
|
|
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H.Agustiandari,
J.Lubelski,
H.B.van den Berg van Saparoea,
O.P.Kuipers,
and
A.J.Driessen
(2008).
LmrR is a transcriptional repressor of expression of the multidrug ABC transporter LmrCD in Lactococcus lactis.
|
| |
J Bacteriol, 190,
759-763.
|
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|
|
|
|
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H.Chen,
J.Hu,
P.R.Chen,
L.Lan,
Z.Li,
L.M.Hicks,
A.R.Dinner,
and
C.He
(2008).
The Pseudomonas aeruginosa multidrug efflux regulator MexR uses an oxidation-sensing mechanism.
|
| |
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 105,
13586-13591.
|
 |
|
|
|
|
 |
H.Itou,
M.Yao,
N.Watanabe,
and
I.Tanaka
(2008).
Crystal structure of the PH1932 protein, a unique archaeal ArsR type winged-HTH transcription factor from Pyrococcus horikoshii OT3.
|
| |
Proteins, 70,
1631-1634.
|
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PDB code:
|
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|
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M.S.Wilke,
M.Heller,
A.L.Creagh,
C.A.Haynes,
L.P.McIntosh,
K.Poole,
and
N.C.Strynadka
(2008).
The crystal structure of MexR from Pseudomonas aeruginosa in complex with its antirepressor ArmR.
|
| |
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 105,
14832-14837.
|
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|
PDB code:
|
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|
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C.E.Stevenson,
H.Kock,
S.Mootien,
S.C.Davies,
M.J.Bibb,
and
D.M.Lawson
(2007).
Crystallization and preliminary X-ray analysis of AbsC, a novel regulator of antibiotic production in Streptomyces coelicolor.
|
| |
Acta Crystallogr Sect F Struct Biol Cryst Commun, 63,
233-235.
|
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|
|
|
|
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D.M.Daigle,
L.Cao,
S.Fraud,
M.S.Wilke,
A.Pacey,
R.Klinoski,
N.C.Strynadka,
C.R.Dean,
and
K.Poole
(2007).
Protein modulator of multidrug efflux gene expression in Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
|
| |
J Bacteriol, 189,
5441-5451.
|
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|
|
|
|
 |
E.A.Sieminska,
X.Xu,
A.Savchenko,
and
D.A.Sanders
(2007).
The X-ray crystal structure of PA1607 from Pseudomonas aureginosa at 1.9 A resolution--a putative transcription factor.
|
| |
Protein Sci, 16,
543-549.
|
 |
|
PDB code:
|
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|
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|
|
|
 |
F.Domain,
X.R.Bina,
and
S.B.Levy
(2007).
Transketolase A, an enzyme in central metabolism, derepresses the marRAB multiple antibiotic resistance operon of Escherichia coli by interaction with MarR.
|
| |
Mol Microbiol, 66,
383-394.
|
 |
|
|
|
|
 |
G.Fiorentino,
R.Ronca,
R.Cannio,
M.Rossi,
and
S.Bartolucci
(2007).
MarR-like transcriptional regulator involved in detoxification of aromatic compounds in Sulfolobus solfataricus.
|
| |
J Bacteriol, 189,
7351-7360.
|
 |
|
|
|
|
 |
J.K.Lithgow,
F.Haider,
I.S.Roberts,
and
J.Green
(2007).
Alternate SlyA and H-NS nucleoprotein complexes control hlyE expression in Escherichia coli K-12.
|
| |
Mol Microbiol, 66,
685-698.
|
 |
|
|
|
|
 |
J.T.Riordan,
A.Muthaiyan,
W.Van Voorhies,
C.T.Price,
J.E.Graham,
B.J.Wilkinson,
and
J.E.Gustafson
(2007).
Response of Staphylococcus aureus to salicylate challenge.
|
| |
J Bacteriol, 189,
220-227.
|
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|
|
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|
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K.Arita,
H.Hashimoto,
K.Igari,
M.Akaboshi,
S.Kutsuna,
M.Sato,
and
T.Shimizu
(2007).
Structural and biochemical characterization of a cyanobacterium circadian clock-modifier protein.
|
| |
J Biol Chem, 282,
1128-1135.
|
 |
|
PDB code:
|
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|
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K.J.Newberry,
M.Fuangthong,
W.Panmanee,
S.Mongkolsuk,
and
R.G.Brennan
(2007).
Structural mechanism of organic hydroperoxide induction of the transcription regulator OhrR.
|
| |
Mol Cell, 28,
652-664.
|
 |
|
PDB codes:
|
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|
|
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|
 |
K.Miyazono,
M.Tsujimura,
Y.Kawarabayasi,
and
M.Tanokura
(2007).
Crystal structure of an archaeal homologue of multidrug resistance repressor protein, EmrR, from hyperthermophilic archaea Sulfolobus tokodaii strain 7.
|
| |
Proteins, 67,
1138-1146.
|
 |
|
PDB code:
|
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|
|
|
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|
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K.Wei,
D.J.Tang,
Y.Q.He,
J.X.Feng,
B.L.Jiang,
G.T.Lu,
B.Chen,
and
J.L.Tang
(2007).
hpaR, a putative marR family transcriptional regulator, is positively controlled by HrpG and HrpX and involved in the pathogenesis, hypersensitive response, and extracellular protease production of Xanthomonas campestris pathovar campestris.
|
| |
J Bacteriol, 189,
2055-2062.
|
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|
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|
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M.A.Holbert,
T.Sikorski,
J.Carten,
D.Snowflack,
S.Hodawadekar,
and
R.Marmorstein
(2007).
The human monocytic leukemia zinc finger histone acetyltransferase domain contains DNA-binding activity implicated in chromatin targeting.
|
| |
J Biol Chem, 282,
36603-36613.
|
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|
PDB code:
|
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|
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R.S.Ravirala,
R.D.Barabote,
D.M.Wheeler,
S.Reverchon,
O.Tatum,
J.Malouf,
H.Liu,
L.Pritchard,
P.E.Hedley,
P.R.Birch,
I.K.Toth,
P.Payton,
and
M.J.San Francisco
(2007).
Efflux pump gene expression in Erwinia chrysanthemi is induced by exposure to phenolic acids.
|
| |
Mol Plant Microbe Interact, 20,
313-320.
|
 |
|
|
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|
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S.M.Kristoffersen,
S.Ravnum,
N.J.Tourasse,
O.A.Økstad,
A.B.Kolstø,
and
W.Davies
(2007).
Low concentrations of bile salts induce stress responses and reduce motility in Bacillus cereus ATCC 14579 [corrected]
|
| |
J Bacteriol, 189,
5302-5313.
|
 |
|
|
|
|
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S.Töwe,
M.Leelakriangsak,
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PDB code:
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PDB code:
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L.Pecqueur,
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Nat Chem Biol, 2,
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PDB code:
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U.Okada,
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PDB code:
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PDB codes:
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J Biol Chem, 280,
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PDB code:
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Mol Microbiol, 53,
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M.A.Prieto,
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Crystal structure of A. fulgidus Rio2 defines a new family of serine protein kinases.
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Structure, 12,
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PDB codes:
|
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|
|
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N.McCallum,
M.Bischoff,
H.Maki,
A.Wada,
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TcaR, a putative MarR-like regulator of sarS expression.
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J Bacteriol, 186,
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Regulation of Escherichia coli hemolysin E expression by H-NS and Salmonella SlyA.
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J Bacteriol, 186,
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Crystal structure of F-93 from Sulfolobus spindle-shaped virus 1, a winged-helix DNA binding protein.
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J Virol, 78,
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PDB code:
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R.G.Martin,
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Transcriptional and translational regulation of the marRAB multiple antibiotic resistance operon in Escherichia coli.
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Mol Microbiol, 53,
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On the transcriptional regulation of methicillin resistance: MecI repressor in complex with its operator.
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J Biol Chem, 279,
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PDB code:
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S.P.Wilkinson,
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HucR, a novel uric acid-responsive member of the MarR family of transcriptional regulators from Deinococcus radiodurans.
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J Biol Chem, 279,
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Biochem Cell Biol, 82,
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A.C.Manna,
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sarU, a sarA homolog, is repressed by SarT and regulates virulence genes in Staphylococcus aureus.
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Infect Immun, 71,
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B.Galán,
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Molecular determinants of the hpa regulatory system of Escherichia coli: the HpaR repressor.
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Nucleic Acids Res, 31,
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E.H.Lee,
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FarR regulates the farAB-encoded efflux pump of Neisseria gonorrhoeae via an MtrR regulatory mechanism.
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J Bacteriol, 185,
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H.Hansen,
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Topoisomerase IV mutations in quinolone-resistant salmonellae selected in vitro.
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Microb Drug Resist, 9,
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Curr Opin Microbiol, 6,
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Structural basis for antibiotic recognition by the TipA class of multidrug-resistance transcriptional regulators.
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EMBO J, 22,
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PDB code:
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J.L.Lavrrar,
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Architecture of a fur binding site: a comparative analysis.
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J Bacteriol, 185,
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J.Yu,
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Suppressor mutations in the study of photosystem I biogenesis: sll0088 is a previously unidentified gene involved in reaction center accumulation in Synechocystis sp. strain PCC 6803.
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J Bacteriol, 185,
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K.S.McKeegan,
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Trends Microbiol, 11,
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J Bacteriol, 185,
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L.Y.Gao,
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Transposon mutagenesis of Mycobacterium marinum identifies a locus linking pigmentation and intracellular survival.
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Infect Immun, 71,
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J.Potempa,
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Three-dimensional structure of MecI. Molecular basis for transcriptional regulation of staphylococcal methicillin resistance.
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J Biol Chem, 278,
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PDB code:
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Crystal structure of the SarS protein from Staphylococcus aureus.
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J Bacteriol, 185,
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PDB code:
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R.P.Novick
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Mol Microbiol, 48,
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Crystal structure of Enterococcus faecalis SlyA-like transcriptional factor.
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J Biol Chem, 278,
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PDB code:
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S.S.Ingavale,
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Characterization of RAT, an autolysis regulator in Staphylococcus aureus.
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Mol Microbiol, 48,
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Proteins, 50,
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PDB code:
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V.A.Norte,
M.R.Stapleton,
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PhoP-responsive expression of the Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium slyA gene.
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J Bacteriol, 185,
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X.Bina,
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The periplasmic protein MppA requires an additional mutated locus to repress marA expression in Escherichia coli.
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J Bacteriol, 185,
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Y.Wei,
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M.Ito,
A.A.Guffanti,
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Mutational loss of a K+ and NH4+ transporter affects the growth and endospore formation of alkaliphilic Bacillus pseudofirmus OF4.
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J Bacteriol, 185,
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Expression of a cloned cyclopropane fatty acid synthase gene reduces solvent formation in Clostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824.
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Appl Environ Microbiol, 69,
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A.J.Warren
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Crystal structure of the MexR repressor of the mexRAB-oprM multidrug efflux operon of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
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J Biol Chem, 277,
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PDB code:
|
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H.Marrakchi,
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A new mechanism for anaerobic unsaturated fatty acid formation in Streptococcus pneumoniae.
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Curr Opin Struct Biol, 12,
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Annu Rev Microbiol, 56,
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L.Adewoye,
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PDB codes:
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The most recent references are shown first.
Citation data come partly from CiteXplore and partly
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