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Cytokine (chemotactic)
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PDB id
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1ikm
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Contents |
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* Residue conservation analysis
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Gene Ontology (GO) functional annotation
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Cellular component
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extracellular region
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3 terms
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Biological process
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intracellular signal transduction
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21 terms
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Biochemical function
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protein binding
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4 terms
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DOI no:
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Biochemistry
34:12983-12990
(1995)
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PubMed id:
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1H NMR solution structure of an active monomeric interleukin-8.
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K.Rajarathnam,
I.Clark-Lewis,
B.D.Sykes.
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ABSTRACT
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The solution structure of a monomeric form of interleukin-8 (IL-8) has been
solved using 1H NMR spectroscopy. The chemically synthesized nonnatural analog
[IL-8 (4-72) L25 NH-->NCH3] has the same activity as that of native IL-8. Thirty
structures were generated using the hybrid distance geometry and simulated
annealing protocol using the program X-PLOR. The structure is well-defined
except for N-terminal residues 4-6 and C-terminal residues 67-72. The rms
distribution about the average structure for residues 7-66 is 0.38 A for the
backbone atoms and 0.87 A for all heavy atoms. The structure consists of a
series of turns and loops followed by a triple-stranded beta sheet and a
C-terminal alpha helix. The structure of the monomer is largely similar to the
native dimeric IL-8 structures previously determined by both NMR and X-ray
methods. The major difference is that, in the monomeric analog, the C-terminal
residues 67-72 are disordered whereas they are helical in the two dimeric
structures. The best fit superposition of the backbone atoms of residues 7-66 of
the monomer structure on the dimeric IL-8 structures showed rms differences of
1.5 and 1.2 A respectively. The turn (residues 31-35), which is disulfide linked
to the N-terminal region, adopts a conformation in the monomer similar to that
seen in the dimeric X-ray structure (rms difference 1.4 A) and different from
that seen in the dimeric NMR structure (rms difference 2.7 A).(ABSTRACT
TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Literature references that cite this PDB file's key reference
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PubMed id
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Reference
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S.T.Das,
L.Rajagopalan,
A.Guerrero-Plata,
J.Sai,
A.Richmond,
R.P.Garofalo,
and
K.Rajarathnam
(2010).
Monomeric and dimeric CXCL8 are both essential for in vivo neutrophil recruitment.
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PLoS One, 5,
e11754.
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A.Ravindran,
P.R.Joseph,
and
K.Rajarathnam
(2009).
Structural basis for differential binding of the interleukin-8 monomer and dimer to the CXCR1 N-domain: role of coupled interactions and dynamics.
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Biochemistry, 48,
8795-8805.
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M.W.Nasser,
S.K.Raghuwanshi,
D.J.Grant,
V.R.Jala,
K.Rajarathnam,
and
R.M.Richardson
(2009).
Differential activation and regulation of CXCR1 and CXCR2 by CXCL8 monomer and dimer.
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J Immunol, 183,
3425-3432.
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S.Bourbigot,
L.Fardy,
A.J.Waring,
M.R.Yeaman,
and
V.Booth
(2009).
Structure of chemokine-derived antimicrobial Peptide interleukin-8alpha and interaction with detergent micelles and oriented lipid bilayers.
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Biochemistry, 48,
10509-10521.
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C.Zhonghua,
G.Chunpin,
Z.Yong,
X.Kezhi,
and
Z.Yaou
(2008).
Cloning and bioactivity analysis of a CXC ligand in black seabream Acanthopagrus schlegeli: the evolutionary clues of ELR+CXC chemokines.
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| |
BMC Immunol, 9,
66.
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H.Fernando,
G.T.Nagle,
and
K.Rajarathnam
(2007).
Thermodynamic characterization of interleukin-8 monomer binding to CXCR1 receptor N-terminal domain.
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FEBS J, 274,
241-251.
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L.Rajagopalan,
C.C.Chin,
and
K.Rajarathnam
(2007).
Role of intramolecular disulfides in stability and structure of a noncovalent homodimer.
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Biophys J, 93,
2129-2134.
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C.T.Veldkamp,
C.Seibert,
F.C.Peterson,
T.P.Sakmar,
and
B.F.Volkman
(2006).
Recognition of a CXCR4 sulfotyrosine by the chemokine stromal cell-derived factor-1alpha (SDF-1alpha/CXCL12).
|
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J Mol Biol, 359,
1400-1409.
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G.Yushin,
E.N.Hoffman,
M.W.Barsoum,
Y.Gogotsi,
C.A.Howell,
S.R.Sandeman,
G.J.Phillips,
A.W.Lloyd,
and
S.V.Mikhalovsky
(2006).
Mesoporous carbide-derived carbon with porosity tuned for efficient adsorption of cytokines.
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Biomaterials, 27,
5755-5762.
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A.Maheshwari,
W.Lu,
W.C.Guida,
R.D.Christensen,
and
D.A.Calhoun
(2005).
IL-8/CXC ligand 8 survives neonatal gastric digestion as a result of intrinsic aspartyl proteinase resistance.
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Pediatr Res, 57,
438-444.
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C.T.Veldkamp,
F.C.Peterson,
A.J.Pelzek,
and
B.F.Volkman
(2005).
The monomer-dimer equilibrium of stromal cell-derived factor-1 (CXCL 12) is altered by pH, phosphate, sulfate, and heparin.
|
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Protein Sci, 14,
1071-1081.
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A.Bhaduri,
R.Ravishankar,
and
R.Sowdhamini
(2004).
Conserved spatially interacting motifs of protein superfamilies: application to fold recognition and function annotation of genome data.
|
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Proteins, 54,
657-670.
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E.Krieger,
E.Geretti,
B.Brandner,
B.Goger,
T.N.Wells,
and
A.J.Kungl
(2004).
A structural and dynamic model for the interaction of interleukin-8 and glycosaminoglycans: support from isothermal fluorescence titrations.
|
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Proteins, 54,
768-775.
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H.Fernando,
C.Chin,
J.Rösgen,
and
K.Rajarathnam
(2004).
Dimer dissociation is essential for interleukin-8 (IL-8) binding to CXCR1 receptor.
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J Biol Chem, 279,
36175-36178.
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L.Rajagopalan,
and
K.Rajarathnam
(2004).
Ligand selectivity and affinity of chemokine receptor CXCR1. Role of N-terminal domain.
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J Biol Chem, 279,
30000-30008.
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V.Booth,
I.Clark-Lewis,
and
B.D.Sykes
(2004).
NMR structure of CXCR3 binding chemokine CXCL11 (ITAC).
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Protein Sci, 13,
2022-2028.
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PDB code:
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A.E.Proudfoot,
T.M.Handel,
Z.Johnson,
E.K.Lau,
P.LiWang,
I.Clark-Lewis,
F.Borlat,
T.N.Wells,
and
M.H.Kosco-Vilbois
(2003).
Glycosaminoglycan binding and oligomerization are essential for the in vivo activity of certain chemokines.
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Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 100,
1885-1890.
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G.J.Swaminathan,
D.E.Holloway,
R.A.Colvin,
G.K.Campanella,
A.C.Papageorgiou,
A.D.Luster,
and
K.R.Acharya
(2003).
Crystal structures of oligomeric forms of the IP-10/CXCL10 chemokine.
|
| |
Structure, 11,
521-532.
|
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PDB codes:
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C.Baysal,
and
A.R.Atilgan
(2001).
Elucidating the structural mechanisms for biological activity of the chemokine family.
|
| |
Proteins, 43,
150-160.
|
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|
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K.Rajarathnam,
B.D.Sykes,
B.Dewald,
M.Baggiolini,
and
I.Clark-Lewis
(1999).
Disulfide bridges in interleukin-8 probed using non-natural disulfide analogues: dissociation of roles in structure from function.
|
| |
Biochemistry, 38,
7653-7658.
|
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|
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|
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K.Wakasugi,
and
P.Schimmel
(1999).
Highly differentiated motifs responsible for two cytokine activities of a split human tRNA synthetase.
|
| |
J Biol Chem, 274,
23155-23159.
|
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|
|
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|
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L.S.Mizoue,
J.F.Bazan,
E.C.Johnson,
and
T.M.Handel
(1999).
Solution structure and dynamics of the CX3C chemokine domain of fractalkine and its interaction with an N-terminal fragment of CX3CR1.
|
| |
Biochemistry, 38,
1402-1414.
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PDB code:
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|
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J.Inglese,
P.Samama,
S.Patel,
J.Burbaum,
I.L.Stroke,
and
K.C.Appell
(1998).
Chemokine receptor-ligand interactions measured using time-resolved fluorescence.
|
| |
Biochemistry, 37,
2372-2377.
|
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|
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K.H.Mayo,
and
E.Ilyina
(1998).
A folding pathway for betapep-4 peptide 33mer: from unfolded monomers and beta-sheet sandwich dimers to well-structured tetramers.
|
| |
Protein Sci, 7,
358-368.
|
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|
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|
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H.B.Lowman,
W.J.Fairbrother,
P.H.Slagle,
R.Kabakoff,
J.Liu,
S.Shire,
and
C.A.Hébert
(1997).
Monomeric variants of IL-8: effects of side chain substitutions and solution conditions upon dimer formation.
|
| |
Protein Sci, 6,
598-608.
|
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|
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|
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K.Rajarathnam,
C.M.Kay,
B.Dewald,
M.Wolf,
M.Baggiolini,
I.Clark-Lewis,
and
B.D.Sykes
(1997).
Neutrophil-activating peptide-2 and melanoma growth-stimulatory activity are functional as monomers for neutrophil activation.
|
| |
J Biol Chem, 272,
1725-1729.
|
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|
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M.Baggiolini,
B.Dewald,
and
B.Moser
(1997).
Human chemokines: an update.
|
| |
Annu Rev Immunol, 15,
675-705.
|
 |
|
|
|
|
 |
M.P.Crump,
J.H.Gong,
P.Loetscher,
K.Rajarathnam,
A.Amara,
F.Arenzana-Seisdedos,
J.L.Virelizier,
M.Baggiolini,
B.D.Sykes,
and
I.Clark-Lewis
(1997).
Solution structure and basis for functional activity of stromal cell-derived factor-1; dissociation of CXCR4 activation from binding and inhibition of HIV-1.
|
| |
EMBO J, 16,
6996-7007.
|
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|
PDB codes:
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|
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S.R.Leong,
H.B.Lowman,
J.Liu,
S.Shire,
L.E.Deforge,
B.L.Gillece-Castro,
R.McDowell,
and
C.A.Hébert
(1997).
IL-8 single-chain homodimers and heterodimers: interactions with chemokine receptors CXCR1, CXCR2, and DARC.
|
| |
Protein Sci, 6,
609-617.
|
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|
The most recent references are shown first.
Citation data come partly from CiteXplore and partly
from an automated harvesting procedure. Note that this is likely to be
only a partial list as not all journals are covered by
either method. However, we are continually building up the citation data
so more and more references will be included with time.
Where a reference describes a PDB structure, the PDB
code is
shown on the right.
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