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PDBsum entry 1hg2
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Endocytosis PDB id
1hg2

 

 

 

 

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Contents
Protein chain
263 a.a. *
Ligands
IP2
Waters ×128
* Residue conservation analysis
PDB id:
1hg2
Name: Endocytosis
Title: Calm-n n-terminal domain of clathrin assembly lymphoid myeloid leukaemia protein, inositol(4,5)p2 complex
Structure: Clathrin assembly protein short form. Chain: a. Fragment: n-terminal domain residues 1-289. Synonym: calm-n, ap180-2. Engineered: yes
Source: Rattus norvegicus. Norway rat. Organism_taxid: 10116. Expressed in: escherichia coli. Expression_system_taxid: 511693.
Biol. unit: Monomer (from PDB file)
Resolution:
2.00Å     R-factor:   0.198     R-free:   0.217
Authors: M.G.J.Ford,P.R.Evans,H.T.Mcmahon
Key ref:
M.G.Ford et al. (2001). Simultaneous binding of PtdIns(4,5)P2 and clathrin by AP180 in the nucleation of clathrin lattices on membranes. Science, 291, 1051-1055. PubMed id: 11161218 DOI: 10.1126/science.291.5506.1051
Date:
12-Dec-00     Release date:   12-Feb-01    
PROCHECK
Go to PROCHECK summary
 Headers
 References

Protein chain
O55012  (PICAL_RAT) -  Phosphatidylinositol-binding clathrin assembly protein from Rattus norvegicus
Seq:
Struc: 		 
Seq:
Struc: 		640 a.a.
263 a.a.
Key:    Secondary structure  CATH domain

 

 
DOI no: 10.1126/science.291.5506.1051 Science 291:1051-1055 (2001)
PubMed id: 11161218  
 
 
Simultaneous binding of PtdIns(4,5)P2 and clathrin by AP180 in the nucleation of clathrin lattices on membranes.
M.G.Ford, B.M.Pearse, M.K.Higgins, Y.Vallis, D.J.Owen, A.Gibson, C.R.Hopkins, P.R.Evans, H.T.McMahon.
 
  ABSTRACT  
 
Adaptor protein 180 (AP180) and its homolog, clathrin assembly lymphoid myeloid leukemia protein (CALM), are closely related proteins that play important roles in clathrin-mediated endocytosis. Here, we present the structure of the NH2-terminal domain of CALM bound to phosphatidylinositol-4,5- bisphosphate via a lysine-rich motif. This motif is found in other proteins predicted to have domains of similar structure (for example, Huntingtin interacting protein 1). The structure is in part similar to the epsin NH2-terminal (ENTH) domain, but epsin lacks the PtdIns(4,5)P2-binding site. Because AP180 could bind to PtdIns(4,5)P2 and clathrin simultaneously, it may serve to tether clathrin to the membrane. This was shown by using purified components and a budding assay on preformed lipid monolayers. In the presence of AP180, clathrin lattices formed on the monolayer. When AP2 was also present, coated pits were formed.
 
  Selected figure(s)  
 
Figure 2.
Fig. 2. The structure of CALM-N bound to PtdIns(4,5)P[2]. (A) Ribbon diagram of CALM-N, colored from green at the NH[2]-terminus to gold at the COOH-terminus. (B) The ENTH domain of epsin in the same orientation [PDB code 1edu (23)]. (C) The surface of CALM-N colored by electrostatic potential, red +10 kT e^ 1, blue -10 kT e^ 1. This is a slightly different view from that in (A), to show the strong positive patch that binds PtdIns(4,5)P[2]. (D) Close-up of PtdIns(4,5)P[2]-binding site, showing a difference electron density map omitting the ligand, contoured at 2 . There was strong density only for the 4- and 5-phosphates, weak density for the inositol ring and the 1-phosphate, and none for the lipid chains. (E) Ins(4,5)P[2] also shows most density for the phosphates: it was modeled as a 50:50 mixture of two binding modes interchanging the 4- and 5-phosphates. (F) InsP[6] was probably bound in multiple orientations, and the orientation of the inositol ring was different from that of the bisphosphates. (G) Sequence alignments of the very similar CALM-N and AP180-N (81% identical, unshaded, further conserved residues shaded mauve), and the structurally similar epsin ENTH domain (16% sequence identity, shaded orange). Helices are shown as cylinders, colored as in A and B. PtdIns(4,5)P[2]-binding residues are marked with arrows. Also shown is the PtdIns(4,5)P[2]-binding region of -adaptin, with the conserved PtdIns(4,5)P[2]-binding motif and predicted helices. (H) The 1 to 2 loop regions for three families of proteins: AP180/CALM family with the PtdIns(4,5)P[2]-binding motif (blue); some other proteins with the PtdIns(4,5)P[2]-binding motif (blue); epsin family with the (D/E)PW motif (orange). Other conserved residues are colored purple. Yeast-SLA2 is Yeast-SLA2p. 		Figure 3.
Fig. 3. AP180-N binds, and has specificity for, PtdIns(4,5)P[2]. (A) AP180-N and CALM-N are sedimented by lipid tubules containing 10% PtdIns(4,5)P[2]. The measurements on the abscissa refer to the amount of PtdIns(4,5)P[2] in the experiment; the amount of tubules is therefore 10 times this value. Each assay contained 0.05 mg/ml protein. (B) Liposomes containing 10% cholesterol, 40% phosphatidylethanolamine, 40% phosphatidylcholine, and 10% of a test lipid were prepared and used to evaluate the lipid specificity of AP180-N. Each experiment contained 0.05 mg/ml protein and 50 µM of the lipid under investigation; each experiment, therefore, contained a total lipid concentration of 500 µM. (C) AP180 recruits clathrin to PtdIns(4,5)P[2] containing liposomes (27). Pellets (P) and supernatants (S) were separated by centrifugation. In AP180mut, lysines 38 and 40 were changed to glutamic acids. Although AP2 alone sedimented approximately as efficiently as AP180, it was not capable of sedimenting together with clathrin, possibly because of a requirement for cargo and/or oligomerization. Averages of at least three experiments are shown in the bar graph. Experiments contained 0.05 mg/ml AP180, 0.05 mg/ml AP2, 0.025 mg/ml clathrin in a final volume of 100 µl. All gels were stained with Coomassie Blue.
 
  The above figures are reprinted by permission from the AAAs: Science (2001, 291, 1051-1055) copyright 2001.  
  Figures were selected by the author.  
 
 
    Author's comment    
 
  The ANTH domain is an all-helical domain which interacts with PtdIns(4,5)P2, via a few lysine and histidine residues located in the loop connecting helices 1 and 2. The ANTH domain is also found in HIP1 and HIP1R and in yeast Sla2p. HIP1 has a the same structure and interacts with PtdIns(4,5)P2 in the same way. The binding, with only phosphates 4 and 5 of the headgroup, may be functionally important in allowing rapid removal of the ANTH domain from membranes by dephosphorylation of the headgroup.
Harvey McMahon and Marijn Ford 		 

Literature references that cite this PDB file's key reference

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The phox domain of sorting nexin 5 lacks phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PtdIns(3)P) specificity and preferentially binds to phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PtdIns(4,5)P2).
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Evidence for CALM in Directing VAMP2 Trafficking.
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Beta-arrestin scaffolding of phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase Ialpha promotes agonist-stimulated sequestration of the beta2-adrenergic receptor.
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Coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations of phase transitions in mixed lipid systems containing LPA, DOPA, and DOPE lipids.
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18378669 E.Walseng, O.Bakke, and P.A.Roche (2008).
Major histocompatibility complex class II-peptide complexes internalize using a clathrin- and dynamin-independent endocytosis pathway.
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Clathrin assembly protein AP180 and CALM differentially control axogenesis and dendrite outgrowth in embryonic hippocampal neurons.
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18769546 I.F.Tsigelny, L.Crews, P.Desplats, G.M.Shaked, Y.Sharikov, H.Mizuno, B.Spencer, E.Rockenstein, M.Trejo, O.Platoshyn, J.X.Yuan, and E.Masliah (2008).
Mechanisms of hybrid oligomer formation in the pathogenesis of combined Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases.
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Role of epsin 1 in synaptic vesicle endocytosis.
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18287542 L.Demmel, M.Gravert, E.Ercan, B.Habermann, T.Müller-Reichert, V.Kukhtina, V.Haucke, T.Baust, M.Sohrmann, Y.Kalaidzidis, C.Klose, M.Beck, M.Peter, and C.Walch-Solimena (2008).
The Clathrin Adaptor Gga2p Is a Phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate Effector at the Golgi Exit.
  Mol Biol Cell, 19, 1991-2002.  
18448668 L.Maldonado-Báez, M.R.Dores, E.M.Perkins, T.G.Drivas, L.Hicke, and B.Wendland (2008).
Interaction between Epsin/Yap180 adaptors and the scaffolds Ede1/Pan1 is required for endocytosis.
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18216767 M.A.Lemmon (2008).
Membrane recognition by phospholipid-binding domains.
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18784754 M.Vicinanza, G.D'Angelo, A.Di Campli, and M.A.De Matteis (2008).
Function and dysfunction of the PI system in membrane trafficking.
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18039352 Q.Gong, C.Huntsman, and D.Ma (2008).
Clathrin-independent internalization and recycling.
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17547704 A.Benmerah, and C.Lamaze (2007).
Clathrin-coated pits: vive la différence?
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17065556 A.E.Radulescu, A.Siddhanta, and D.Shields (2007).
A role for clathrin in reassembly of the Golgi apparatus.
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Role of activation of PIP5Kgamma661 by AP-2 complex in synaptic vesicle endocytosis.
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Molecular characteristics of phosphoinositide binding.
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Vesicle formation by self-assembly of membrane-bound matrix proteins into a fluidlike budding domain.
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  Curr Opin Cell Biol, 13, 485-492.  
11604514 D.S.Rao, J.C.Chang, P.D.Kumar, I.Mizukami, G.M.Smithson, S.V.Bradley, A.F.Parlow, and T.S.Ross (2001).
Huntingtin interacting protein 1 Is a clathrin coat binding protein required for differentiation of late spermatogenic progenitors.
  Mol Cell Biol, 21, 7796-7806.  
11489622 E.C.Dell'Angelica (2001).
Clathrin-binding proteins: got a motif? Join the network!
  Trends Cell Biol, 11, 315-318.  
11687498 F.M.Brodsky, C.Y.Chen, C.Knuehl, M.C.Towler, and D.E.Wakeham (2001).
Biological basket weaving: formation and function of clathrin-coated vesicles.
  Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol, 17, 517-568.  
11772235 G.J.Mizejewski (2001).
Peptides as receptor ligand drugs and their relationship to G-coupled signal transduction.
  Expert Opin Investig Drugs, 10, 1063-1073.  
11684018 J.Bravo, D.Karathanassis, C.M.Pacold, M.E.Pacold, C.D.Ellson, K.E.Anderson, P.J.Butler, I.Lavenir, O.Perisic, P.T.Hawkins, L.Stephens, and R.L.Williams (2001).
The crystal structure of the PX domain from p40(phox) bound to phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate.
  Mol Cell, 8, 829-839.
PDB code: 1h6h
11470824 K.D.Micheva, R.W.Holz, and S.J.Smith (2001).
Regulation of presynaptic phosphatidylinositol 4,5-biphosphate by neuronal activity.
  J Cell Biol, 154, 355-368.  
11514193 K.Takei, and V.Haucke (2001).
Clathrin-mediated endocytosis: membrane factors pull the trigger.
  Trends Cell Biol, 11, 385-391.  
11672811 M.A.Cousin, and P.J.Robinson (2001).
The dephosphins: dephosphorylation by calcineurin triggers synaptic vesicle endocytosis.
  Trends Neurosci, 24, 659-665.  
11439176 M.J.Wishart, G.S.Taylor, and J.E.Dixon (2001).
Phoxy lipids: revealing PX domains as phosphoinositide binding modules.
  Cell, 105, 817-820.  
11604140 M.R.Wenk, L.Pellegrini, V.A.Klenchin, G.Di Paolo, S.Chang, L.Daniell, M.Arioka, T.F.Martin, and P.De Camilli (2001).
PIP kinase Igamma is the major PI(4,5)P(2) synthesizing enzyme at the synapse.
  Neuron, 32, 79-88.  
11448785 M.W.Black, and H.R.Pelham (2001).
Membrane traffic: how do GGAs fit in with the adaptors?
  Curr Biol, 11, R460-R462.  
11454453 N.Jarousse, and R.B.Kelly (2001).
Endocytotic mechanisms in synapses.
  Curr Opin Cell Biol, 13, 461-469.  
  11598201 S.A.Ha, J.T.Bunch, H.Hama, D.B.DeWald, and S.F.Nothwehr (2001).
A novel mechanism for localizing membrane proteins to yeast trans-Golgi network requires function of synaptojanin-like protein.
  Mol Biol Cell, 12, 3175-3190.  
11526217 S.Campbell, R.J.Fisher, E.M.Towler, S.Fox, H.J.Issaq, T.Wolfe, L.R.Phillips, and A.Rein (2001).
Modulation of HIV-like particle assembly in vitro by inositol phosphates.
  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 98, 10875-10879.  
11604134 S.L.Osborne, F.A.Meunier, and G.Schiavo (2001).
Phosphoinositides as key regulators of synaptic function.
  Neuron, 32, 9.  
11422943 T.Baba, C.Rauch, M.Xue, N.Terada, Y.Fujii, H.Ueda, I.Takayama, S.Ohno, E.Farge, and S.B.Sato (2001).
Clathrin-dependent and clathrin-independent endocytosis are differentially sensitive to insertion of poly (ethylene glycol)-derivatized cholesterol in the plasma membrane.
  Traffic, 2, 501-512.  
11454457 T.F.Martin (2001).
PI(4,5)P(2) regulation of surface membrane traffic.
  Curr Opin Cell Biol, 13, 493-499.  
The most recent references are shown first. Citation data come partly from CiteXplore and partly from an automated harvesting procedure. Note that this is likely to be only a partial list as not all journals are covered by either method. However, we are continually building up the citation data so more and more references will be included with time. Where a reference describes a PDB structure, the PDB code is shown on the right.

 

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