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Transcription/DNA
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PDB id
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1gau
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* Residue conservation analysis
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Gene Ontology (GO) functional annotation
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Biological process
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regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent
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1 term
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Biochemical function
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transcription factor activity
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3 terms
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DOI no:
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Science
261:438-446
(1993)
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PubMed id:
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NMR structure of a specific DNA complex of Zn-containing DNA binding domain of GATA-1.
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J.G.Omichinski,
G.M.Clore,
O.Schaad,
G.Felsenfeld,
C.Trainor,
E.Appella,
S.J.Stahl,
A.M.Gronenborn.
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ABSTRACT
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The three-dimensional solution structure of a complex between the DNA binding
domain of the chicken erythroid transcription factor GATA-1 and its cognate DNA
site has been determined with multidimensional heteronuclear magnetic resonance
spectroscopy. The DNA binding domain consists of a core which contains a zinc
coordinated by four cysteines and a carboxyl-terminal tail. The core is composed
of two irregular antiparallel beta sheets and an alpha helix, followed by a long
loop that leads into the carboxyl-terminal tail. The amino-terminal part of the
core, including the helix, is similar in structure, although not in sequence, to
the amino-terminal zinc module of the glucocorticoid receptor DNA binding
domain. In the other regions, the structures of these two DNA binding domains
are entirely different. The DNA target site in contact with the protein spans
eight base pairs. The helix and the loop connecting the two antiparallel beta
sheets interact with the major groove of the DNA. The carboxyl-terminal tail,
which is an essential determinant of specific binding, wraps around into the
minor groove. The complex resembles a hand holding a rope with the palm and
fingers representing the protein core and the thumb, the carboxyl-terminal tail.
The specific interactions between GATA-1 and DNA in the major groove are mainly
hydrophobic in nature, which accounts for the preponderance of thymines in the
target site. A large number of interactions are observed with the phosphate
backbone.
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Literature references that cite this PDB file's key reference
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| |
PubMed id
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Reference
|
|
|
|
|
|
K.H.Wong,
M.J.Hynes,
and
M.A.Davis
(2008).
Recent advances in nitrogen regulation: a comparison between Saccharomyces cerevisiae and filamentous fungi.
|
| |
Eukaryot Cell, 7,
917-925.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
T.Y.Chia,
A.Müller,
C.Jung,
and
E.S.Mutasa-Göttgens
(2008).
Sugar beet contains a large CONSTANS-LIKE gene family including a CO homologue that is independent of the early-bolting (B) gene locus.
|
| |
J Exp Bot, 59,
2735-2748.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A.Argentaro,
J.C.Yang,
L.Chapman,
M.S.Kowalczyk,
R.J.Gibbons,
D.R.Higgs,
D.Neuhaus,
and
D.Rhodes
(2007).
Structural consequences of disease-causing mutations in the ATRX-DNMT3-DNMT3L (ADD) domain of the chromatin-associated protein ATRX.
|
| |
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 104,
11939-11944.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
S.I.Kim,
S.J.Bultman,
H.Jing,
G.A.Blobel,
and
E.H.Bresnick
(2007).
Dissecting molecular steps in chromatin domain activation during hematopoietic differentiation.
|
| |
Mol Cell Biol, 27,
4551-4565.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
J.M.Lamonica,
C.R.Vakoc,
and
G.A.Blobel
(2006).
Acetylation of GATA-1 is required for chromatin occupancy.
|
| |
Blood, 108,
3736-3738.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
W.Zhao,
C.Kitidis,
M.D.Fleming,
H.F.Lodish,
and
S.Ghaffari
(2006).
Erythropoietin stimulates phosphorylation and activation of GATA-1 via the PI3-kinase/AKT signaling pathway.
|
| |
Blood, 107,
907-915.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
C.K.Liew,
R.J.Simpson,
A.H.Kwan,
L.A.Crofts,
F.E.Loughlin,
J.M.Matthews,
M.Crossley,
and
J.P.Mackay
(2005).
Zinc fingers as protein recognition motifs: structural basis for the GATA-1/friend of GATA interaction.
|
| |
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 102,
583-588.
|
|
|
PDB code:
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|
|
R.Ferreira,
K.Ohneda,
M.Yamamoto,
and
S.Philipsen
(2005).
GATA1 function, a paradigm for transcription factors in hematopoiesis.
|
| |
Mol Cell Biol, 25,
1215-1227.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
T.Clouaire,
M.Roussigne,
V.Ecochard,
C.Mathe,
F.Amalric,
and
J.P.Girard
(2005).
The THAP domain of THAP1 is a large C2CH module with zinc-dependent sequence-specific DNA-binding activity.
|
| |
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 102,
6907-6912.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A.Irimia,
D.Madern,
G.Zaccaï,
and
F.M.Vellieux
(2004).
Methanoarchaeal sulfolactate dehydrogenase: prototype of a new family of NADH-dependent enzymes.
|
| |
EMBO J, 23,
1234-1244.
|
|
|
PDB code:
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|
B.Ton-Hoang,
C.Turlan,
and
M.Chandler
(2004).
Functional domains of the IS1 transposase: analysis in vivo and in vitro.
|
| |
Mol Microbiol, 53,
1529-1543.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
J.E.Deane,
D.P.Ryan,
M.Sunde,
M.J.Maher,
J.M.Guss,
J.E.Visvader,
and
J.M.Matthews
(2004).
Tandem LIM domains provide synergistic binding in the LMO4:Ldb1 complex.
|
| |
EMBO J, 23,
3589-3598.
|
|
|
PDB code:
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P.Gutiérrez,
M.J.Osborne,
N.Siddiqui,
J.F.Trempe,
C.Arrowsmith,
and
K.Gehring
(2004).
Structure of the archaeal translation initiation factor aIF2 beta from Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum: implications for translation initiation.
|
| |
Protein Sci, 13,
659-667.
|
|
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PDB code:
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S.Tsuzuki,
K.Kitajima,
T.Nakano,
A.Glasow,
A.Zelent,
and
T.Enver
(2004).
Cross talk between retinoic acid signaling and transcription factor GATA-2.
|
| |
Mol Cell Biol, 24,
6824-6836.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y.Umemura,
T.Ishiduka,
R.Yamamoto,
and
M.Esaka
(2004).
The Dof domain, a zinc finger DNA-binding domain conserved only in higher plants, truly functions as a Cys2/Cys2 Zn finger domain.
|
| |
Plant J, 37,
741-749.
|
|
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|
|
|
|
J.E.Deane,
J.P.Mackay,
A.H.Kwan,
E.Y.Sum,
J.E.Visvader,
and
J.M.Matthews
(2003).
Structural basis for the recognition of ldb1 by the N-terminal LIM domains of LMO2 and LMO4.
|
| |
EMBO J, 22,
2224-2233.
|
|
|
PDB codes:
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K.Sugimoto,
S.Takeda,
and
H.Hirochika
(2003).
Transcriptional activation mediated by binding of a plant GATA-type zinc finger protein AGP1 to the AG-motif (AGATCCAA) of the wound-inducible Myb gene NtMyb2.
|
| |
Plant J, 36,
550-564.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
T.Fukushige,
B.Goszczynski,
H.Tian,
and
J.D.McGhee
(2003).
The evolutionary duplication and probable demise of an endodermal GATA factor in Caenorhabditis elegans.
|
| |
Genetics, 165,
575-588.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y.Nemoto,
M.Kisaka,
T.Fuse,
M.Yano,
and
Y.Ogihara
(2003).
Characterization and functional analysis of three wheat genes with homology to the CONSTANS flowering time gene in transgenic rice.
|
| |
Plant J, 36,
82-93.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A.Murakami,
S.Ishida,
and
C.Dickson
(2002).
GATA-4 interacts distinctively with negative and positive regulatory elements in the Fgf-3 promoter.
|
| |
Nucleic Acids Res, 30,
1056-1064.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
C.A.Blindauer,
M.D.Harrison,
A.K.Robinson,
J.A.Parkinson,
P.W.Bowness,
P.J.Sadler,
and
N.J.Robinson
(2002).
Multiple bacteria encode metallothioneins and SmtA-like zinc fingers.
|
| |
Mol Microbiol, 45,
1421-1432.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
F.Narendja,
S.P.Goller,
M.Wolschek,
and
J.Strauss
(2002).
Nitrate and the GATA factor AreA are necessary for in vivo binding of NirA, the pathway-specific transcriptional activator of Aspergillus nidulans.
|
| |
Mol Microbiol, 44,
573-583.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
F.S.Silbaq,
S.E.Ruttenberg,
and
G.D.Stormo
(2002).
Specificity of Mnt 'master residue' obtained from in vivo and in vitro selections.
|
| |
Nucleic Acids Res, 30,
5539-5548.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
M.Kirsten Frank,
F.Dyda,
A.Dobrodumov,
and
A.M.Gronenborn
(2002).
Core mutations switch monomeric protein GB1 into an intertwined tetramer.
|
| |
Nat Struct Biol, 9,
877-885.
|
|
|
PDB codes:
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|
|
Q.Feng,
R.Cao,
L.Xia,
H.Erdjument-Bromage,
P.Tempst,
and
Y.Zhang
(2002).
Identification and functional characterization of the p66/p68 components of the MeCP1 complex.
|
| |
Mol Cell Biol, 22,
536-546.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
S.E.Lyons,
N.D.Lawson,
L.Lei,
P.E.Bennett,
B.M.Weinstein,
and
P.P.Liu
(2002).
A nonsense mutation in zebrafish gata1 causes the bloodless phenotype in vlad tepes.
|
| |
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 99,
5454-5459.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
S.Lima,
J.Hildenbrand,
A.Korostelev,
S.Hattman,
and
H.Li
(2002).
Crystal structure of an RNA helix recognized by a zinc-finger protein: an 18-bp duplex at 1.6 A resolution.
|
| |
RNA, 8,
924-932.
|
|
|
PDB code:
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|
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|
|
|
|
|
T.G.Cooper
(2002).
Transmitting the signal of excess nitrogen in Saccharomyces cerevisiae from the Tor proteins to the GATA factors: connecting the dots.
|
| |
FEMS Microbiol Rev, 26,
223-238.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
T.H.Malik,
D.Von Stechow,
R.T.Bronson,
and
R.A.Shivdasani
(2002).
Deletion of the GATA domain of TRPS1 causes an absence of facial hair and provides new insights into the bone disorder in inherited tricho-rhino-phalangeal syndromes.
|
| |
Mol Cell Biol, 22,
8592-8600.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A.D.Capili,
D.C.Schultz,
F.J.RauscherIII,
and
K.L.Borden
(2001).
Solution structure of the PHD domain from the KAP-1 corepressor: structural determinants for PHD, RING and LIM zinc-binding domains.
|
| |
EMBO J, 20,
165-177.
|
|
|
PDB code:
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
C.A.Blindauer,
M.D.Harrison,
J.A.Parkinson,
A.K.Robinson,
J.S.Cavet,
N.J.Robinson,
and
P.J.Sadler
(2001).
A metallothionein containing a zinc finger within a four-metal cluster protects a bacterium from zinc toxicity.
|
| |
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 98,
9593-9598.
|
|
|
PDB code:
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|
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|
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|
|
D.Martín,
M.D.Piulachs,
and
A.S.Raikhel
(2001).
A novel GATA factor transcriptionally represses yolk protein precursor genes in the mosquito Aedes aegypti via interaction with the CtBP corepressor.
|
| |
Mol Cell Biol, 21,
164-174.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
M.A.Collett,
J.C.Dunlap,
and
J.J.Loros
(2001).
Circadian clock-specific roles for the light response protein WHITE COLLAR-2.
|
| |
Mol Cell Biol, 21,
2619-2628.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
N.V.Grishin
(2001).
Treble clef finger--a functionally diverse zinc-binding structural motif.
|
| |
Nucleic Acids Res, 29,
1703-1714.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
T.H.Malik,
S.A.Shoichet,
P.Latham,
T.G.Kroll,
L.L.Peters,
and
R.A.Shivdasani
(2001).
Transcriptional repression and developmental functions of the atypical vertebrate GATA protein TRPS1.
|
| |
EMBO J, 20,
1715-1725.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
W.Schüler,
K.Kloiber,
T.Matt,
K.Bister,
and
R.Konrat
(2001).
Application of cross-correlated NMR spin relaxation to the zinc-finger protein CRP2(LIM2): evidence for collective motions in LIM domains.
|
| |
Biochemistry, 40,
9596-9604.
|
|
|
PDB code:
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|
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|
|
|
J.M.Matthews,
K.Kowalski,
C.K.Liew,
B.K.Sharpe,
A.H.Fox,
M.Crossley,
and
J.P.MacKay
(2000).
A class of zinc fingers involved in protein-protein interactions biophysical characterization of CCHC fingers from fog and U-shaped.
|
| |
Eur J Biochem, 267,
1030-1038.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
S.A.Shoichet,
T.H.Malik,
J.H.Rothman,
and
R.A.Shivdasani
(2000).
Action of the Caenorhabditis elegans GATA factor END-1 in Xenopus suggests that similar mechanisms initiate endoderm development in ecdysozoa and vertebrates.
|
| |
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 97,
4076-4081.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A.T.Petkova,
J.G.Hu,
M.Bizounok,
M.Simpson,
R.G.Griffin,
and
J.Herzfeld
(1999).
Arginine activity in the proton-motive photocycle of bacteriorhodopsin: solid-state NMR studies of the wild-type and D85N proteins.
|
| |
Biochemistry, 38,
1562-1572.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
H.L.Hung,
J.Lau,
A.Y.Kim,
M.J.Weiss,
and
G.A.Blobel
(1999).
CREB-Binding protein acetylates hematopoietic transcription factor GATA-1 at functionally important sites.
|
| |
Mol Cell Biol, 19,
3496-3505.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
K.H.Cox,
A.B.Pinchak,
and
T.G.Cooper
(1999).
Genome-wide transcriptional analysis in S. cerevisiae by mini-array membrane hybridization.
|
| |
Yeast, 15,
703-713.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
L.Zhou,
and
G.A.Marzluf
(1999).
Functional analysis of the two zinc fingers of SRE, a GATA-type factor that negatively regulates siderophore synthesis in Neurospora crassa.
|
| |
Biochemistry, 38,
4335-4341.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
M.I.Muro-Pastor,
R.Gonzalez,
J.Strauss,
F.Narendja,
and
C.Scazzocchio
(1999).
The GATA factor AreA is essential for chromatin remodelling in a eukaryotic bidirectional promoter.
|
| |
EMBO J, 18,
1584-1597.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
X.Yao,
G.C.Pérez-Alvarado,
H.A.Louis,
P.Pomiès,
C.Hatt,
M.F.Summers,
and
M.C.Beckerle
(1999).
Solution structure of the chicken cysteine-rich protein, CRP1, a double-LIM protein implicated in muscle differentiation.
|
| |
Biochemistry, 38,
5701-5713.
|
|
|
PDB code:
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|
|
Y.Zhang,
H.H.Ng,
H.Erdjument-Bromage,
P.Tempst,
A.Bird,
and
D.Reinberg
(1999).
Analysis of the NuRD subunits reveals a histone deacetylase core complex and a connection with DNA methylation.
|
| |
Genes Dev, 13,
1924-1935.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A.Bell,
J.Boyes,
J.Chung,
M.Pikaart,
M.N.Prioleau,
F.Recillas,
N.Saitoh,
and
G.Felsenfeld
(1998).
The establishment of active chromatin domains.
|
| |
Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol, 63,
509-514.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
B.Feng,
and
G.A.Marzluf
(1998).
Interaction between major nitrogen regulatory protein NIT2 and pathway-specific regulatory factor NIT4 is required for their synergistic activation of gene expression in Neurospora crassa.
|
| |
Mol Cell Biol, 18,
3983-3990.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
D.Durocher,
and
M.Nemer
(1998).
Combinatorial interactions regulating cardiac transcription.
|
| |
Dev Genet, 22,
250-262.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
K.Kubo,
A.Sakamoto,
A.Kobayashi,
Z.Rybka,
Y.Kanno,
H.Nakagawa,
and
H.Takatsuji
(1998).
Cys2/His2 zinc-finger protein family of petunia: evolution and general mechanism of target-sequence recognition.
|
| |
Nucleic Acids Res, 26,
608-615.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
M.D.Allen,
K.Yamasaki,
M.Ohme-Takagi,
M.Tateno,
and
M.Suzuki
(1998).
A novel mode of DNA recognition by a beta-sheet revealed by the solution structure of the GCC-box binding domain in complex with DNA.
|
| |
EMBO J, 17,
5484-5496.
|
|
|
PDB codes:
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|
|
R.A.Wilson,
and
H.N.Arst
(1998).
Mutational analysis of AREA, a transcriptional activator mediating nitrogen metabolite repression in Aspergillus nidulans and a member of the "streetwise" GATA family of transcription factors.
|
| |
Microbiol Mol Biol Rev, 62,
586-596.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
R.B.Turner,
D.L.Smith,
M.E.Zawrotny,
M.F.Summers,
M.C.Posewitz,
and
D.R.Winge
(1998).
Solution structure of a zinc domain conserved in yeast copper-regulated transcription factors.
|
| |
Nat Struct Biol, 5,
551-555.
|
|
|
PDB code:
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|
|
V.V.Svetlov,
and
T.G.Cooper
(1998).
The Saccharomyces cerevisiae GATA factors Dal80p and Deh1p can form homo- and heterodimeric complexes.
|
| |
J Bacteriol, 180,
5682-5688.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A.Ravagnani,
L.Gorfinkiel,
T.Langdon,
G.Diallinas,
E.Adjadj,
S.Demais,
D.Gorton,
H.N.Arst,
and
C.Scazzocchio
(1997).
Subtle hydrophobic interactions between the seventh residue of the zinc finger loop and the first base of an HGATAR sequence determine promoter-specific recognition by the Aspergillus nidulans GATA factor AreA.
|
| |
EMBO J, 16,
3974-3986.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
C.M.Read,
and
P.C.Driscoll
(1997).
GAGA over the nucleosome.
|
| |
Nat Struct Biol, 4,
87-89.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
G.A.Marzluf
(1997).
Genetic regulation of nitrogen metabolism in the fungi.
|
| |
Microbiol Mol Biol Rev, 61,
17-32.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
G.Patikoglou,
and
S.K.Burley
(1997).
Eukaryotic transcription factor-DNA complexes.
|
| |
Annu Rev Biophys Biomol Struct, 26,
289-325.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
I.A.Wadman,
H.Osada,
G.G.Grütz,
A.D.Agulnick,
H.Westphal,
A.Forster,
and
T.H.Rabbitts
(1997).
The LIM-only protein Lmo2 is a bridging molecule assembling an erythroid, DNA-binding complex which includes the TAL1, E47, GATA-1 and Ldb1/NLI proteins.
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| |
EMBO J, 16,
3145-3157.
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J.A.Coffman,
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D.M.Loprete,
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V.Svetlov,
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(1997).
Cross regulation of four GATA factors that control nitrogen catabolic gene expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
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J Bacteriol, 179,
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J.A.Coffman,
and
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(1997).
Nitrogen GATA factors participate in transcriptional regulation of vacuolar protease genes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
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J Bacteriol, 179,
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J.G.Omichinski,
P.V.Pedone,
G.Felsenfeld,
A.M.Gronenborn,
and
G.M.Clore
(1997).
The solution structure of a specific GAGA factor-DNA complex reveals a modular binding mode.
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| |
Nat Struct Biol, 4,
122-132.
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PDB codes:
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|
K.L.Schmeichel,
and
M.C.Beckerle
(1997).
Molecular dissection of a LIM domain.
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| |
Mol Biol Cell, 8,
219-230.
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M.Schmiedeskamp,
P.Rajagopal,
and
R.E.Klevit
(1997).
NMR chemical shift perturbation mapping of DNA binding by a zinc-finger domain from the yeast transcription factor ADR1.
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| |
Protein Sci, 6,
1835-1848.
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M.Schmiedeskamp,
and
R.E.Klevit
(1997).
Paramagnetic cobalt as a probe of the orientation of an accessory DNA-binding region of the yeast ADR1 zinc-finger protein.
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| |
Biochemistry, 36,
14003-14011.
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N.Tjandra,
J.G.Omichinski,
A.M.Gronenborn,
G.M.Clore,
and
A.Bax
(1997).
Use of dipolar 1H-15N and 1H-13C couplings in the structure determination of magnetically oriented macromolecules in solution.
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| |
Nat Struct Biol, 4,
732-738.
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PDB codes:
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P.V.Pedone,
J.G.Omichinski,
P.Nony,
C.Trainor,
A.M.Gronenborn,
G.M.Clore,
and
G.Felsenfeld
(1997).
The N-terminal fingers of chicken GATA-2 and GATA-3 are independent sequence-specific DNA binding domains.
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EMBO J, 16,
2874-2882.
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Z.An,
Q.Zhao,
J.McEvoy,
W.M.Yuan,
J.L.Markley,
and
S.A.Leong
(1997).
The second finger of Urbs1 is required for iron-mediated repression of sid1 in Ustilago maydis.
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| |
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 94,
5882-5887.
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A.G.Elefanty,
M.Antoniou,
N.Custodio,
M.Carmo-Fonseca,
and
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(1996).
GATA transcription factors associate with a novel class of nuclear bodies in erythroblasts and megakaryocytes.
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EMBO J, 15,
319-333.
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A.Hammarström,
K.D.Berndt,
R.Sillard,
K.Adermann,
and
G.Otting
(1996).
Solution structure of a naturally-occurring zinc-peptide complex demonstrates that the N-terminal zinc-binding module of the Lasp-1 LIM domain is an independent folding unit.
|
| |
Biochemistry, 35,
12723-12732.
|
|
|
PDB code:
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A.Platt,
T.Langdon,
H.N.Arst,
D.Kirk,
D.Tollervey,
J.M.Sanchez,
and
M.X.Caddick
(1996).
Nitrogen metabolite signalling involves the C-terminus and the GATA domain of the Aspergillus transcription factor AREA and the 3' untranslated region of its mRNA.
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| |
EMBO J, 15,
2791-2801.
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A.Szabo,
R.Korszun,
F.U.Hartl,
and
J.Flanagan
(1996).
A zinc finger-like domain of the molecular chaperone DnaJ is involved in binding to denatured protein substrates.
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| |
EMBO J, 15,
408-417.
|
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C.D.Trainor,
J.G.Omichinski,
T.L.Vandergon,
A.M.Gronenborn,
G.M.Clore,
and
G.Felsenfeld
(1996).
A palindromic regulatory site within vertebrate GATA-1 promoters requires both zinc fingers of the GATA-1 DNA-binding domain for high-affinity interaction.
|
| |
Mol Cell Biol, 16,
2238-2247.
|
|
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|
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|
H.Thorogood,
T.R.Waters,
A.W.Parker,
C.W.Wharton,
and
B.A.Connolly
(1996).
Resonance Raman spectroscopy of 4-thiothymidine and oligodeoxynucleotides containing this base both free in solution and bound to the restriction endonuclease EcoRV.
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| |
Biochemistry, 35,
8723-8733.
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|
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J.M.Sun,
R.Ferraiuolo,
and
J.R.Davie
(1996).
In situ footprinting of chicken histone H5 gene in mature and immature erythrocytes reveals common factor-binding sites.
|
| |
Chromosoma, 104,
504-510.
|
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|
P.Ballario,
P.Vittorioso,
A.Magrelli,
C.Talora,
A.Cabibbo,
and
G.Macino
(1996).
White collar-1, a central regulator of blue light responses in Neurospora, is a zinc finger protein.
|
| |
EMBO J, 15,
1650-1657.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
P.V.Pedone,
R.Ghirlando,
G.M.Clore,
A.M.Gronenborn,
G.Felsenfeld,
and
J.G.Omichinski
(1996).
The single Cys2-His2 zinc finger domain of the GAGA protein flanked by basic residues is sufficient for high-affinity specific DNA binding.
|
| |
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 93,
2822-2826.
|
|
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R.C.Larson,
I.Lavenir,
T.A.Larson,
R.Baer,
A.J.Warren,
I.Wadman,
K.Nottage,
and
T.H.Rabbitts
(1996).
Protein dimerization between Lmo2 (Rbtn2) and Tal1 alters thymocyte development and potentiates T cell tumorigenesis in transgenic mice.
|
| |
EMBO J, 15,
1021-1027.
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T.S.Cunningham,
V.V.Svetlov,
R.Rai,
W.Smart,
and
T.G.Cooper
(1996).
G1n3p is capable of binding to UAS(NTR) elements and activating transcription in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
|
| |
J Bacteriol, 178,
3470-3479.
|
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Z.Dauter,
K.S.Wilson,
L.C.Sieker,
J.M.Moulis,
and
J.Meyer
(1996).
Zinc- and iron-rubredoxins from Clostridium pasteurianum at atomic resolution: a high-precision model of a ZnS4 coordination unit in a protein.
|
| |
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 93,
8836-8840.
|
|
|
PDB codes:
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|
A.H.Swirnoff,
and
J.Milbrandt
(1995).
DNA-binding specificity of NGFI-A and related zinc finger transcription factors.
|
| |
Mol Cell Biol, 15,
2275-2287.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
B.André,
D.Talibi,
S.Soussi Boudekou,
C.Hein,
S.Vissers,
and
D.Coornaert
(1995).
Two mutually exclusive regulatory systems inhibit UASGATA, a cluster of 5'-GAT(A/T)A-3' upstream from the UGA4 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
|
| |
Nucleic Acids Res, 23,
558-564.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
H.Haas,
and
G.A.Marzluf
(1995).
NRE, the major nitrogen regulatory protein of Penicillium chrysogenum, binds specifically to elements in the intergenic promoter regions of nitrate assimilation and penicillin biosynthetic gene clusters.
|
| |
Curr Genet, 28,
177-183.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
H.Y.Yang,
and
T.Evans
(1995).
Homotypic interactions of chicken GATA-1 can mediate transcriptional activation.
|
| |
Mol Cell Biol, 15,
1353-1363.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
J.A.Stamatoyannopoulos,
A.Goodwin,
T.Joyce,
and
C.H.Lowrey
(1995).
NF-E2 and GATA binding motifs are required for the formation of DNase I hypersensitive site 4 of the human beta-globin locus control region.
|
| |
EMBO J, 14,
106-116.
|
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|
|
J.E.Visvader,
M.Crossley,
J.Hill,
S.H.Orkin,
and
J.M.Adams
(1995).
The C-terminal zinc finger of GATA-1 or GATA-2 is sufficient to induce megakaryocytic differentiation of an early myeloid cell line.
|
| |
Mol Cell Biol, 15,
634-641.
|
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|
|
|
|
|
M.Crossley,
M.Merika,
and
S.H.Orkin
(1995).
Self-association of the erythroid transcription factor GATA-1 mediated by its zinc finger domains.
|
| |
Mol Cell Biol, 15,
2448-2456.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
M.Merika,
and
S.H.Orkin
(1995).
Functional synergy and physical interactions of the erythroid transcription factor GATA-1 with the Krüppel family proteins Sp1 and EKLF.
|
| |
Mol Cell Biol, 15,
2437-2447.
|
|
|
|
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|
|
R.C.Armstrong,
J.G.Kim,
and
L.D.Hudson
(1995).
Expression of myelin transcription factor I (MyTI), a "zinc-finger" DNA-binding protein, in developing oligodendrocytes.
|
| |
Glia, 14,
303-321.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
R.Rai,
J.R.Daugherty,
and
T.G.Cooper
(1995).
UASNTR functioning in combination with other UAS elements underlies exceptional patterns of nitrogen regulation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
|
| |
Yeast, 11,
247-260.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
S.H.Orkin
(1995).
Regulation of globin gene expression in erythroid cells.
|
| |
Eur J Biochem, 231,
271-281.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A.V.Hine,
and
C.C.Richardson
(1994).
A functional chimeric DNA primase: the Cys4 zinc-binding domain of bacteriophage T3 primase fused to the helicase of bacteriophage T7.
|
| |
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 91,
12327-12331.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
D.G.Peters,
and
M.X.Caddick
(1994).
Direct analysis of native and chimeric GATA specific DNA binding proteins from Aspergillus nidulans.
|
| |
Nucleic Acids Res, 22,
5164-5172.
|
|
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|
|
|
|
G.C.Pérez-Alvarado,
C.Miles,
J.W.Michelsen,
H.A.Louis,
D.R.Winge,
M.C.Beckerle,
and
M.F.Summers
(1994).
Structure of the carboxy-terminal LIM domain from the cysteine rich protein CRP.
|
| |
Nat Struct Biol, 1,
388-398.
|
|
|
PDB code:
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|
G.M.Clore,
and
A.M.Gronenborn
(1994).
Young Investigator Award Lecture. Structures of larger proteins, protein-ligand and protein-DNA complexes by multidimensional heteronuclear NMR.
|
| |
Protein Sci, 3,
372-390.
|
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|
|
|
|
J.A.Coffman,
H.M.el Berry,
and
T.G.Cooper
(1994).
The URE2 protein regulates nitrogen catabolic gene expression through the GATAA-containing UASNTR element in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
|
| |
J Bacteriol, 176,
7476-7483.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
J.W.Schwabe,
and
A.Klug
(1994).
Zinc mining for protein domains.
|
| |
Nat Struct Biol, 1,
345-349.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
M.B.Cachon-Gonzalez,
S.Fenner,
J.M.Coffin,
C.Moran,
S.Best,
and
J.P.Stoye
(1994).
Structure and expression of the hairless gene of mice.
|
| |
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 91,
7717-7721.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
M.Suzuki,
and
N.Yagi
(1994).
DNA recognition code of transcription factors in the helix-turn-helix, probe helix, hormone receptor, and zinc finger families.
|
| |
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 91,
12357-12361.
|
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|
|
|
|
|
P.H.Kogan,
and
G.W.Blissard
(1994).
A baculovirus gp64 early promoter is activated by host transcription factor binding to CACGTG and GATA elements.
|
| |
J Virol, 68,
813-822.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
T.S.Cunningham,
R.A.Dorrington,
and
T.G.Cooper
(1994).
The UGA4 UASNTR site required for GLN3-dependent transcriptional activation also mediates DAL80-responsive regulation and DAL80 protein binding in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
|
| |
J Bacteriol, 176,
4718-4725.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
V.E.Archer,
J.Breton,
I.Sanchez-Garcia,
H.Osada,
A.Forster,
A.J.Thomson,
and
T.H.Rabbitts
(1994).
Cysteine-rich LIM domains of LIM-homeodomain and LIM-only proteins contain zinc but not iron.
|
| |
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 91,
316-320.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Z.Yang,
L.Gu,
P.H.Romeo,
D.Bories,
H.Motohashi,
M.Yamamoto,
and
J.D.Engel
(1994).
Human GATA-3 trans-activation, DNA-binding, and nuclear localization activities are organized into distinct structural domains.
|
| |
Mol Cell Biol, 14,
2201-2212.
|
|
|
|
|
|
The most recent references are shown first.
Citation data come partly from CiteXplore and partly
from an automated harvesting procedure. Note that this is likely to be
only a partial list as not all journals are covered by
either method. However, we are continually building up the citation data
so more and more references will be included with time.
Where a reference describes a PDB structure, the PDB
code is
shown on the right.
|
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Links
