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Complex (transmembrane/glycoprotein) PDB id
1a6a
Jmol
Contents
Protein chains
176 a.a. *
187 a.a. *
15 a.a. *
Ligands
NAG ×2
Waters ×22
* Residue conservation analysis
PDB id:
1a6a
Name: Complex (transmembrane/glycoprotein)
Title: The structure of an intermediate in class ii mhc maturation: bound to hla-dr3
Structure: Hla class ii histocompatibility antigen, dr alpha chain: a. Hla class ii histocompatibility antigen, dr-1 bet chain: b. Hla class ii histocompatibility antigen, gamma ch chain: c. Fragment: clip fragment 87 - 101 of invariant chain
Source: Homo sapiens. Human. Organism_taxid: 9606. Cell_line: 9.5.3. Cell: b-lymphocyte. Cellular_location: plasma membrane. Cellular_location: plasma membrane
Biol. unit: Hetero-Dimer (from PDB file)
Resolution:
2.75Å     R-factor:   0.246     R-free:   0.325
Authors: P.Ghosh,M.Amaya,E.Mellins,D.C.Wiley
Key ref: P.Ghosh et al. (1995). The structure of an intermediate in class II MHC maturation: CLIP bound to HLA-DR3. Nature, 378, 457-462. PubMed id: 7477400 DOI: 10.1038/378457a0
Date:
22-Feb-98     Release date:   27-May-98    
PROCHECK
Go to PROCHECK summary
 Headers
 References

Protein chain
Pfam   ArchSchema ?
P01903  (DRA_HUMAN) -  HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DR alpha chain
Seq:
Struc: 		254 a.a.
176 a.a.
Protein chain
Pfam   ArchSchema ?
P01912  (2B13_HUMAN) -  HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DRB1-3 chain
Seq:
Struc: 		266 a.a.
187 a.a.
Protein chain
Pfam   ArchSchema ?
P04233  (HG2A_HUMAN) -  HLA class II histocompatibility antigen gamma chain
Seq:
Struc: 		296 a.a.
15 a.a.
Key:    PfamA domain  Secondary structure  CATH domain

 Gene Ontology (GO) functional annotation 
  GO annot!
  Cellular component     membrane   2 terms 
  Biological process     immune response   2 terms 
  Biochemical function     protein binding     1 term  

 

 
DOI no: 10.1038/378457a0 Nature 378:457-462 (1995)
PubMed id: 7477400  
 
 
The structure of an intermediate in class II MHC maturation: CLIP bound to HLA-DR3.
P.Ghosh, M.Amaya, E.Mellins, D.C.Wiley.
 
  ABSTRACT  
 
A complex between HLA-DR3 and a fragment of invariant chain called CLIP was isolated from a human cell line defective in antigen presentation and its X-ray crystal structure determined. Previous data indicate that this complex is an intermediate in class II histocompatibility maturation, occurring between invariant chain-DR3 and antigenic peptide-DR3 complexes. The structure shows that the CLIP fragment binds to DR3 in a way almost identical to that in which antigenic peptides bind class II histocompatibility glycoproteins. The structure is the substrate for the loading of antigenic peptides by an exchange process catalysed by DM.
 

Literature references that cite this PDB file's key reference

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PDB code: 1lnu
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DM determines the cryptic and immunodominant fate of T cell epitopes.
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Accessory molecules for MHC class II peptide loading.
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Structural basis of peptide binding and presentation by the type I diabetes-associated MHC class II molecule of NOD mice.
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PDB code: 1f3j
10736175 R.V.Joshi, J.A.Zarutskie, and L.J.Stern (2000).
A three-step kinetic mechanism for peptide binding to MHC class II proteins.
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Quality control of MHC class II associated peptides by HLA-DM/H2-M.
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10631950 A.J.Sant, C.Beeson, B.McFarland, J.Cao, S.Ceman, P.W.Bryant, and S.Wu (1999).
Individual hydrogen bonds play a critical role in MHC class II: peptide interactions: implications for the dynamic aspects of class II trafficking and DM-mediated peptide exchange.
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One of two unstructured domains of Ii becomes ordered in complexes with MHC class II molecules.
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Quantitative analysis of peptide-MHC class II interaction.
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The role of H2-O and HLA-DO in major histocompatibility complex class II-restricted antigen processing and presentation.
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Cathepsin S controls the trafficking and maturation of MHC class II molecules in dendritic cells.
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9874795 C.I.Pearson, A.M.Gautam, I.C.Rulifson, R.S.Liblau, and H.O.McDevitt (1999).
A small number of residues in the class II molecule I-Au confer the ability to bind the myelin basic protein peptide Ac1-11.
  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 96, 197-202.  
10359576 D.H.Hausmann, B.Yu, S.Hausmann, and K.W.Wucherpfennig (1999).
pH-dependent peptide binding properties of the type I diabetes-associated I-Ag7 molecule: rapid release of CLIP at an endosomal pH.
  J Exp Med, 189, 1723-1734.  
10473581 E.E.Eynon, C.Schlax, and J.Pieters (1999).
A secreted form of the major histocompatibility complex class II-associated invariant chain inhibiting T cell activation.
  J Biol Chem, 274, 26266-26271.  
10092094 H.I.Russell, I.A.York, K.L.Rock, and J.J.Monaco (1999).
Class II antigen processing defects in two H2d mouse cell lines are caused by point mutations in the H2-DMa gene.
  Eur J Immunol, 29, 905-911.  
10480952 H.W.Davidson (1999).
Direct transport of newly synthesized HLA-DR from the trans-Golgi network to major histocompatibility complex class II containing compartments (MIICS) demonstrated using a novel tyrosine-sulfated chimera.
  J Biol Chem, 274, 27315-27322.  
10631941 J.A.Villadangos, R.A.Bryant, J.Deussing, C.Driessen, A.M.Lennon-Duménil, R.J.Riese, W.Roth, P.Saftig, G.P.Shi, H.A.Chapman, C.Peters, and H.L.Ploegh (1999).
Proteases involved in MHC class II antigen presentation.
  Immunol Rev, 172, 109-120.  
10231540 J.A.Zarutskie, A.K.Sato, M.M.Rushe, I.C.Chan, A.Lomakin, G.B.Benedek, and L.J.Stern (1999).
A conformational change in the human major histocompatibility complex protein HLA-DR1 induced by peptide binding.
  Biochemistry, 38, 5878-5887.  
  9858567 J.F.Piskurich, M.W.Linhoff, Y.Wang, and J.P.Ting (1999).
Two distinct gamma interferon-inducible promoters of the major histocompatibility complex class II transactivator gene are differentially regulated by STAT1, interferon regulatory factor 1, and transforming growth factor beta.
  Mol Cell Biol, 19, 431-440.  
10607669 K.Maenaka, and E.Y.Jones (1999).
MHC superfamily structure and the immune system.
  Curr Opin Struct Biol, 9, 745-753.  
10377434 O.Rötzschke, K.Falk, J.Mack, J.M.Lau, G.Jung, and J.L.Strominger (1999).
Conformational variants of class II MHC/peptide complexes induced by N- and C-terminal extensions of minimal peptide epitopes.
  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 96, 7445-7450.  
10631949 P.E.Jensen, D.A.Weber, W.P.Thayer, L.E.Westerman, and C.T.Dao (1999).
Peptide exchange in MHC molecules.
  Immunol Rev, 172, 229-238.  
10353458 P.E.Jensen (1999).
Mechanisms of antigen presentation.
  Clin Chem Lab Med, 37, 179-186.  
10741860 P.E.Jensen, D.A.Weber, W.P.Thayer, X.Chen, and C.T.Dao (1999).
HLA-DM and the MHC class II antigen presentation pathway.
  Immunol Res, 20, 195-205.  
10508247 P.W.Bryant, P.Roos, H.L.Ploegh, and A.J.Sant (1999).
Deviant trafficking of I-Ad mutant molecules is reflected in their peptide binding properties.
  Eur J Immunol, 29, 2729-2739.  
10631948 R.R.Latek, and E.R.Unanue (1999).
Mechanisms and consequences of peptide selection by the I-Ak class II molecule.
  Immunol Rev, 172, 209-228.  
  10520901 R.Riechers, J.Grötzinger, and M.Hertl (1999).
HLA class II restriction of autoreactive T cell responses in pemphigus vulgaris: review of the literature and potential applications for the development of a specific immunotherapy.
  Autoimmunity, 30, 183-196.  
10631947 R.Wubbolts, and J.Neefjes (1999).
Intracellular transport and peptide loading of MHC class II molecules: regulation by chaperones and motors.
  Immunol Rev, 172, 189-208.  
9933743 S.Morkowski, G.Raposo, H.J.Geuze, and A.Y.Rudensky (1999).
Peptide loading in the endoplasmic reticulum accelerates trafficking of peptide:MHC class II complexes in B cells.
  J Biomed Sci, 6, 53-63.  
9843486 A.Jasanoff, G.Wagner, and D.C.Wiley (1998).
Structure of a trimeric domain of the MHC class II-associated chaperonin and targeting protein Ii.
  EMBO J, 17, 6812-6818.
PDB code: 1iie
9707606 A.V.Chervonsky, R.M.Medzhitov, L.K.Denzin, A.K.Barlow, A.Y.Rudensky, and C.A.Janeway (1998).
Subtle conformational changes induced in major histocompatibility complex class II molecules by binding peptides.
  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 95, 10094-10099.  
  9521118 C.A.Scott, K.C.Garcia, E.A.Stura, P.A.Peterson, I.A.Wilson, and L.Teyton (1998).
Engineering protein for X-ray crystallography: the murine Major Histocompatibility Complex class II molecule I-Ad.
  Protein Sci, 7, 413-418.  
9529149 C.A.Scott, P.A.Peterson, L.Teyton, and I.A.Wilson (1998).
Crystal structures of two I-Ad-peptide complexes reveal that high affinity can be achieved without large anchor residues.
  Immunity, 8, 319-329.
PDB codes: 1iao 2iad
9565642 C.Lee, M.N.Liang, K.M.Tate, J.D.Rabinowitz, C.Beeson, P.P.Jones, and H.M.McConnell (1998).
Evidence that the autoimmune antigen myelin basic protein (MBP) Ac1-9 binds towards one end of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) cleft.
  J Exp Med, 187, 1505-1516.  
  9493268 D.E.Vaughn, and P.J.Bjorkman (1998).
Structural basis of pH-dependent antibody binding by the neonatal Fc receptor.
  Structure, 6, 63-73.
PDB code: 3fru
9759354 D.Gerlier, M.C.Trescol-Biémont, L.Ettouati, J.Paris, and C.Rabourdin-Combe (1998).
An accessory peptide binding site with allosteric effect on the formation of peptide-MHC-II complexes?
  C R Acad Sci III, 321, 19-24.  
9529148 D.H.Fremont, D.Monnaie, C.A.Nelson, W.A.Hendrickson, and E.R.Unanue (1998).
Crystal structure of I-Ak in complex with a dominant epitope of lysozyme.
  Immunity, 8, 305-317.
PDB code: 1iak
9768758 D.H.Fremont, F.Crawford, P.Marrack, W.A.Hendrickson, and J.Kappler (1998).
Crystal structure of mouse H2-M.
  Immunity, 9, 385-393.
PDB code: 1k8i
9714471 G.Díaz, M.Catálfamo, M.T.Coiras, A.M.Alvarez, D.Jaraquemada, C.Nombela, M.Sánchez-Pérez, and J.Arroyo (1998).
HLA-DPbeta residue 69 plays a crucial role in allorecognition.
  Tissue Antigens, 52, 27-36.  
9603457 G.Malcherek, C.Wirblich, N.Willcox, H.G.Rammensee, J.Trowsdale, and A.Melms (1998).
MHC class II-associated invariant chain peptide replacement by T cell epitopes: engineered invariant chain as a vehicle for directed and enhanced MHC class II antigen processing and presentation.
  Eur J Immunol, 28, 1524-1533.  
9523118 H.A.Chapman (1998).
Endosomal proteolysis and MHC class II function.
  Curr Opin Immunol, 10, 93.  
9842927 I.Khalil-Daher, F.Boisgérault, J.P.Feugeas, V.Tieng, A.Toubert, and D.Charron (1998).
Naturally processed peptides from HLA-DQ7 (alpha1*0501-beta1*0301): influence of both alpha and beta chain polymorphism in the HLA-DQ peptide binding specificity.
  Eur J Immunol, 28, 3840-3849.  
9846491 J.D.Rabinowitz, M.Vrljic, P.M.Kasson, M.N.Liang, R.Busch, J.J.Boniface, M.M.Davis, and H.M.McConnell (1998).
Formation of a highly peptide-receptive state of class II MHC.
  Immunity, 9, 699-709.  
9539769 J.Deussing, W.Roth, P.Saftig, C.Peters, H.L.Ploegh, and J.A.Villadangos (1998).
Cathepsins B and D are dispensable for major histocompatibility complex class II-mediated antigen presentation.
  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 95, 4516-4521.  
9806632 J.J.Boniface, J.D.Rabinowitz, C.Wülfing, J.Hampl, Z.Reich, J.D.Altman, R.M.Kantor, C.Beeson, H.M.McConnell, and M.M.Davis (1998).
Initiation of signal transduction through the T cell receptor requires the multivalent engagement of peptide/MHC ligands [corrected]
  Immunity, 9, 459-466.  
9782128 K.J.Smith, J.Pyrdol, L.Gauthier, D.C.Wiley, and K.W.Wucherpfennig (1998).
Crystal structure of HLA-DR2 (DRA*0101, DRB1*1501) complexed with a peptide from human myelin basic protein.
  J Exp Med, 188, 1511-1520.
PDB code: 1bx2
9751750 L.Gauthier, K.J.Smith, J.Pyrdol, A.Kalandadze, J.L.Strominger, D.C.Wiley, and K.W.Wucherpfennig (1998).
Expression and crystallization of the complex of HLA-DR2 (DRA, DRB1*1501) and an immunodominant peptide of human myelin basic protein.
  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 95, 11828-11833.  
9768757 L.Mosyak, D.M.Zaller, and D.C.Wiley (1998).
The structure of HLA-DM, the peptide exchange catalyst that loads antigen onto class II MHC molecules during antigen presentation.
  Immunity, 9, 377-383.
PDB code: 1hdm
9860852 L.Schmitt, J.J.Boniface, M.M.Davis, and H.M.McConnell (1998).
Kinetic isomers of a class II MHC-peptide complex.
  Biochemistry, 37, 17371-17380.  
9479576 M.S.Marks (1998).
Protein sorting within the MHC class II antigen-processing pathway.
  Immunol Res, 17, 141-154.  
  12114710 M.Yu, M.Xu, L.Savas, and A.Khan (1998).
Discordant Expression of Ii and HLA-DR in Thyrocytes: A Possible Pathogenetic Factor in Hashimoto's Thyroiditis.
  Endocr Pathol, 9, 201-208.  
9511982 M.Zamani, and J.J.Cassiman (1998).
Reevaluation of the importance of polymorphic HLA class II alleles and amino acids in the susceptibility of individuals of different populations to type I diabetes.
  Am J Med Genet, 76, 183-194.  
9643627 P.J.Fairchild (1998).
Presentation of antigenic peptides by products of the major histocompatibility complex.
  J Pept Sci, 4, 182-194.  
9754549 P.R.Wolf, S.Tourne, T.Miyazaki, C.Benoist, D.Mathis, and H.L.Ploegh (1998).
The phenotype of H-2M-deficient mice is dependent on the MHC class II molecules expressed.
  Eur J Immunol, 28, 2605-2618.  
9616206 R.J.Riese, R.N.Mitchell, J.A.Villadangos, G.P.Shi, J.T.Palmer, E.R.Karp, G.T.De Sanctis, H.L.Ploegh, and H.A.Chapman (1998).
Cathepsin S activity regulates antigen presentation and immunity.
  J Clin Invest, 101, 2351-2363.  
  10036633 Y.Nishimura, M.Oiso, S.Fujisao, T.Kanai, J.Kira, Y.Z.Chen, and S.Matsushita (1998).
Peptide-based molecular analyses of HLA class II-associated susceptibility to autoimmune diseases.
  Int Rev Immunol, 17, 229-262.  
9354468 A.Dessen, C.M.Lawrence, S.Cupo, D.M.Zaller, and D.C.Wiley (1997).
X-ray crystal structure of HLA-DR4 (DRA*0101, DRB1*0401) complexed with a peptide from human collagen II.
  Immunity, 7, 473-481.
PDB code: 2seb
9151902 B.Hemmer, B.T.Fleckenstein, M.Vergelli, G.Jung, H.McFarland, R.Martin, and K.H.Wiesmüller (1997).
Identification of high potency microbial and self ligands for a human autoreactive class II-restricted T cell clone.
  J Exp Med, 185, 1651-1659.  
9368599 B.Reizis, D.M.Altmann, and I.R.Cohen (1997).
Biochemical characterization of the human diabetes-associated HLA-DQ8 allelic product: similarity to the major histocompatibility complex class II I-A(g)7 protein of non-obese diabetic mice.
  Eur J Immunol, 27, 2478-2483.  
9354472 D.B.Sant'Angelo, P.G.Waterbury, B.E.Cohen, W.D.Martin, L.Van Kaer, A.C.Hayday, and C.A.Janeway (1997).
The imprint of intrathymic self-peptides on the mature T cell receptor repertoire.
  Immunity, 7, 517-524.  
9389315 E.Pareja, R.Tobes, J.Martín, and A.Nieto (1997).
The tetramer model: a new view of class II MHC molecules in antigenic presentation to T cells.
  Tissue Antigens, 50, 421-428.  
9039778 E.Y.Jones (1997).
MHC class I and class II structures.
  Curr Opin Immunol, 9, 75-79.  
9360989 G.Aichinger, L.Karlsson, M.R.Jackson, M.Vestberg, J.H.Vaughan, L.Teyton, R.I.Lechler, and P.A.Peterson (1997).
Major histocompatibility complex class II-dependent unfolding, transport, and degradation of endogenous proteins.
  J Biol Chem, 272, 29127-29136.  
9396749 G.Ferrari, A.M.Knight, C.Watts, and J.Pieters (1997).
Distinct intracellular compartments involved in invariant chain degradation and antigenic peptide loading of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules.
  J Cell Biol, 139, 1433-1446.  
9074757 H.A.Chapman, R.J.Riese, and G.P.Shi (1997).
Emerging roles for cysteine proteases in human biology.
  Annu Rev Physiol, 59, 63-88.  
9371817 H.J.Ullrich, K.Döring, U.Grüneberg, F.Jähnig, J.Trowsdale, and S.M.van Ham (1997).
Interaction between HLA-DM and HLA-DR involves regions that undergo conformational changes at lysosomal pH.
  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 94, 13163-13168.  
9254653 J.A.Villadangos, R.J.Riese, C.Peters, H.A.Chapman, and H.L.Ploegh (1997).
Degradation of mouse invariant chain: roles of cathepsins S and D and the influence of major histocompatibility complex polymorphism.
  J Exp Med, 186, 549-560.  
9238041 J.D.Rabinowitz, K.Tate, C.Lee, C.Beeson, and H.M.McConnell (1997).
Specific T cell recognition of kinetic isomers in the binding of peptide to class II major histocompatibility complex.
  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 94, 8702-8707.  
9166421 J.L.Seibel, N.Wilson, H.Kozono, P.Marrack, and J.W.Kappler (1997).
Influence of the NH2-terminal amino acid of the T cell receptor alpha chain on major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II + peptide recognition.
  J Exp Med, 185, 1919-1927.  
9039772 J.Pieters (1997).
MHC class II restricted antigen presentation.
  Curr Opin Immunol, 9, 89-96.  
9207120 J.van Bergen, S.P.Schoenberger, F.Verreck, R.Amons, R.Offringa, and F.Koning (1997).
Efficient loading of HLA-DR with a T helper epitope by genetic exchange of CLIP.
  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 94, 7499-7502.  
9209501 L.J.Tan, S.Ceman, A.Chervonsky, J.Rodriguez-Paris, T.L.Steck, and A.J.Sant (1997).
Late events in the intracellular sorting of major histocompatibility complex class II molecules are regulated by the 80-82 segment of the class II beta chain.
  Eur J Immunol, 27, 1479-1488.  
9159149 L.Lightstone, R.Hargreaves, G.Bobek, M.Peterson, G.Aichinger, G.Lombardi, and R.Lechler (1997).
In the absence of the invariant chain, HLA-DR molecules display a distinct array of peptides which is influenced by the presence or absence of HLA-DM.
  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 94, 5772-5777.  
9316393 M.A.Batalia, and E.J.Collins (1997).
Peptide binding by class I and class II MHC molecules.
  Biopolymers, 43, 281-302.  
9013617 N.Barois, F.Forquet, and J.Davoust (1997).
Selective modulation of the major histocompatibility complex class II antigen presentation pathway following B cell receptor ligation and protein kinase C activation.
  J Biol Chem, 272, 3641-3647.  
9039787 P.Cresswell, and J.C.Howard (1997).
Antigen recognition.
  Curr Opin Immunol, 9, 71-74.  
9316394 P.E.Jensen (1997).
Peptide binding and antigen presentation by class II histocompatibility glycoproteins.
  Biopolymers, 43, 303-322.  
9192662 P.M.Lavoie, J.Thibodeau, I.Cloutier, R.Busch, and R.P.Sékaly (1997).
Selective binding of bacterial toxins to major histocompatibility complex class II-expressing cells is controlled by invariant chain and HLA-DM.
  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 94, 6892-6897.  
9312039 P.Stumptner, and P.Benaroch (1997).
Interaction of MHC class II molecules with the invariant chain: role of the invariant chain (81-90) region.
  EMBO J, 16, 5807-5818.  
9246563 R.Han (1997).
Impact of a truncated invariant chain on in vitro assembly of class II MHC molecules depends on the affinity of invariant chain for a given alpha beta dimer.
  Immunol Invest, 26, 421-437.  
  17708920 R.Wubbolts, M.Fernandez-Bona, and J.Neefjes (1997).
MHC class II molecules: transport pathways for antigen presentation.
  Trends Cell Biol, 7, 115-118.  
9046437 S.M.Weenink, and A.M.Gautam (1997).
Antigen presentation by MHC class II molecules.
  Immunol Cell Biol, 75, 69-81.  
9382849 S.M.van Ham, E.P.Tjin, B.F.Lillemeier, U.Grüneberg, K.E.van Meijgaarden, L.Pastoors, D.Verwoerd, A.Tulp, B.Canas, D.Rahman, T.H.Ottenhoff, D.J.Pappin, J.Trowsdale, and J.Neefjes (1997).
HLA-DO is a negative modulator of HLA-DM-mediated MHC class II peptide loading.
  Curr Biol, 7, 950-957.  
9379076 S.O.Arndt, A.B.Vogt, G.J.Hämmerling, and H.Kropshofer (1997).
Selection of the MHC class II-associated peptide repertoire by HLA-DM.
  Immunol Res, 16, 261-272.  
  9351812 V.L.Murthy, and L.J.Stern (1997).
The class II MHC protein HLA-DR1 in complex with an endogenous peptide: implications for the structural basis of the specificity of peptide binding.
  Structure, 5, 1385-1396.
PDB code: 1aqd
9342360 Y.Itoh, K.Kajino, K.Ogasawara, A.Takahashi, K.Namba, I.Negishi, N.Matsuki, K.Iwabuchi, M.Kakinuma, R.A.Good, and K.Onoé (1997).
Interaction of pigeon cytochrome c-(43-58) peptide analogs with either T cell antigen receptor or I-Ab molecule.
  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 94, 12047-12052.  
9122223 Z.Reich, J.D.Altman, J.J.Boniface, D.S.Lyons, H.Kozono, G.Ogg, C.Morgan, and M.M.Davis (1997).
Stability of empty and peptide-loaded class II major histocompatibility complex molecules at neutral and endosomal pH: comparison to class I proteins.
  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 94, 2495-2500.  
8790398 A.B.Vogt, H.Kropshofer, G.Moldenhauer, and G.J.Hämmerling (1996).
Kinetic analysis of peptide loading onto HLA-DR molecules mediated by HLA-DM.
  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 93, 9724-9729.  
  8840782 B.T.Huber, P.N.Hsu, and N.Sutkowski (1996).
Virus-encoded superantigens.
  Microbiol Rev, 60, 473-482.  
8872486 C.A.Nelson, N.J.Viner, and E.R.Unanue (1996).
Appreciating the complexity of MHC class II peptide binding: lysozyme peptide and I-Ak.
  Immunol Rev, 151, 81.  
8612131 D.B.Sant'Angelo, G.Waterbury, P.Preston-Hurlburt, S.T.Yoon, R.Medzhitov, S.C.Hong, and C.A.Janeway (1996).
The specificity and orientation of a TCR to its peptide-MHC class II ligands.
  Immunity, 4, 367-376.  
8729452 D.H.Fremont, W.A.Rees, and H.Kozono (1996).
Biophysical studies of T-cell receptors and their ligands.
  Curr Opin Immunol, 8, 93.  
8820567 D.M.Ojcius, G.Gachelin, and A.Dautry-Varsat (1996).
Presentation of antigens derived from microorganisms residing in host-cell vacuoles.
  Trends Microbiol, 4, 53-59.  
8879196 D.Plaksin, S.Chacko, P.McPhie, A.Bax, E.A.Padlan, and D.H.Margulies (1996).
A T cell receptor V alpha domain expressed in bacteria: does it dimerize in solution?
  J Exp Med, 184, 1251-1258.  
8921967 F.Vartdal, B.H.Johansen, T.Friede, C.J.Thorpe, S.Stevanović, J.E.Eriksen, K.Sletten, E.Thorsby, H.G.Rammensee, and L.M.Sollid (1996).
The peptide binding motif of the disease associated HLA-DQ (alpha 1* 0501, beta 1* 0201) molecule.
  Eur J Immunol, 26, 2764-2772.  
8920896 G.Zhong, F.Castellino, P.Romagnoli, and R.N.Germain (1996).
Evidence that binding site occupancy is necessary and sufficient for effective major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II transport through the secretory pathway redefines the primary function of class II-associated invariant chain peptides (CLIP).
  J Exp Med, 184, 2061-2066.  
8621558 H.Chen, and D.F.Mosher (1996).
Formation of sodium dodecyl sulfate-stable fibronectin multimers. Failure to detect products of thiol-disulfide exchange in cyanogen bromide or limited acid digests of stabilized matrix fibronectin.
  J Biol Chem, 271, 9084-9089.  
8793968 H.G.Rammensee, and K.F.Lindhal (1996).
Less scholasticism, more exact immunology.
  Curr Opin Immunol, 8, 49-50.  
  8947036 H.Kropshofer, A.B.Vogt, G.Moldenhauer, J.Hammer, J.S.Blum, and G.J.Hämmerling (1996).
Editing of the HLA-DR-peptide repertoire by HLA-DM.
  EMBO J, 15, 6144-6154.  
8798670 J.R.Newcomb, C.Carboy-Newcomb, and P.Cresswell (1996).
Trimeric interactions of the invariant chain and its association with major histocompatibility complex class II alpha beta dimers.
  J Biol Chem, 271, 24249-24256.  
8976171 L.K.Denzin, C.Hammond, and P.Cresswell (1996).
HLA-DM interactions with intermediates in HLA-DR maturation and a role for HLA-DM in stabilizing empty HLA-DR molecules.
  J Exp Med, 184, 2153-2165.  
8942634 M.N.Liang, C.Lee, Y.Xia, and H.M.McConnell (1996).
Molecular modeling and design of invariant chain peptides with altered dissociation kinetics from class II MHC.
  Biochemistry, 35, 14734-14742.  
8624813 P.Pierre, L.K.Denzin, C.Hammond, J.R.Drake, S.Amigorena, P.Cresswell, and I.Mellman (1996).
HLA-DM is localized to conventional and unconventional MHC class II-containing endocytic compartments.
  Immunity, 4, 229-239.  
8729446 R.Busch, and E.D.Mellins (1996).
Developing and shedding inhibitions: how MHC class II molecules reach maturity.
  Curr Opin Immunol, 8, 51-58.  
8612130 R.J.Riese, P.R.Wolf, D.Brömme, L.R.Natkin, J.A.Villadangos, H.L.Ploegh, and H.A.Chapman (1996).
Essential role for cathepsin S in MHC class II-associated invariant chain processing and peptide loading.
  Immunity, 4, 357-366.  
8872483 R.N.German, F.Castellino, R.Han, C.Reis e Sousa, P.Romagnoli, S.Sadegh-Nasseri, and G.M.Zhong (1996).
Processing and presentation of endocytically acquired protein antigens by MHC class II and class I molecules.
  Immunol Rev, 151, 5.  
8920889 S.M.van Ham, U.Grüneberg, G.Malcherek, I.Bröker, A.Melms, and J.Trowsdale (1996).
Human histocompatibility leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DM edits peptides presented by HLA-DR according to their ligand binding motifs.
  J Exp Med, 184, 2019-2024.  
8570625 T.S.Jardetzky, J.H.Brown, J.C.Gorga, L.J.Stern, R.G.Urban, J.L.Strominger, and D.C.Wiley (1996).
Crystallographic analysis of endogenous peptides associated with HLA-DR1 suggests a common, polyproline II-like conformation for bound peptides.
  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 93, 734-738.  
8753854 Y.van de Wal, Y.M.Kooy, J.W.Drijfhout, R.Amons, and F.Koning (1996).
Peptide binding characteristics of the coeliac disease-associated DQ(alpha1*0501, beta1*0201) molecule.
  Immunogenetics, 44, 246-253.  
8749389 F.Sanderson, and J.Trowsdale (1995).
Antigen presentation: Kissing cousins exchange CLIP.
  Curr Biol, 5, 1372-1376.  
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