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DOI no:
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J Biol Chem
279:21560-21568
(2004)
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PubMed id:
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The crystal structure of the family 6 carbohydrate binding module from Cellvibrio mixtus endoglucanase 5a in complex with oligosaccharides reveals two distinct binding sites with different ligand specificities.
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V.M.Pires,
J.L.Henshaw,
J.A.Prates,
D.N.Bolam,
L.M.Ferreira,
C.M.Fontes,
B.Henrissat,
A.Planas,
H.J.Gilbert,
M.Czjzek.
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ABSTRACT
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Glycoside hydrolases that release fixed carbon from the plant cell wall are of
considerable biological and industrial importance. These hydrolases contain
non-catalytic carbohydrate binding modules (CBMs) that, by bringing the appended
catalytic domain into intimate association with its insoluble substrate, greatly
potentiate catalysis. Family 6 CBMs (CBM6) are highly unusual because they
contain two distinct clefts (cleft A and cleft B) that potentially can function
as binding sites. Henshaw et al. (Henshaw, J., Bolam, D. N., Pires, V. M. R.,
Czjzek, M., Henrissat, B., Ferreira, L. M. A., Fontes, C. M. G. A., and Gilbert,
H. J. (2003) J. Biol. Chem. 279, 21552-21559) show that CmCBM6 contains two
binding sites that display both similarities and differences in their ligand
specificity. Here we report the crystal structure of CmCBM6 in complex with a
variety of ligands that reveals the structural basis for the ligand specificity
displayed by this protein. In cleft A the two faces of the terminal sugars of
beta-linked oligosaccharides stack against Trp-92 and Tyr-33, whereas the rest
of the binding cleft is blocked by Glu-20 and Thr-23, residues that are not
present in CBM6 proteins that bind to the internal regions of polysaccharides in
cleft A. Cleft B is solvent-exposed and, therefore, able to bind ligands because
the loop, which occludes this region in other CBM6 proteins, is much shorter and
flexible (lacks a conserved proline) in CmCBM6. Subsites 2 and 3 of cleft B
accommodate cellobiose (Glc-beta-1,4-Glc), subsite 4 will bind only to a
beta-1,3-linked glucose, whereas subsite 1 can interact with either a beta-1,3-
or beta-1,4-linked glucose. These different specificities of the subsites
explain how cleft B can accommodate beta-1,4-beta-1,3- or
beta-1,3-beta-1,4-linked gluco-configured ligands.
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Selected figure(s)
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Figure 3.
FIG. 3. A, observed electron density map for xylopentaose
bound in cleft A of CtCBM6. The map is a maximum-likelihood/
[A]-weighted 2
F[obs]-F[calc] electron density map contoured at a 1 level,
corresponding to 1.6 e Å-3. B, the xylopentaose bound to
CtCBM6, represented as sticks. The residues interacting with the
ligand are highlighted. C, schematic representation of the
protein/ligand hydrogen bonds and stacking interactions within
the five binding subsites.
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Figure 7.
FIG. 7. Ribbon representation of mixed -1,3-1,4-linked glucan
tetrasaccharides bound to CmCBM6-2. A, the tetrasaccharide
Glc-4Glc-3Glc-4Glc-OMe is bound to two neighboring CmCBM6-2
molecules. The glucose unit at the reducing end is bound to
cleft A of one molecule (Mol A), whereas the following glucose
units are bound to a second CmCBM6-2 molecule (Mol B). B, the
tetrasaccharide Glc-3Glc-4Glc-3Glc is bound to subsites 4, 3, 2,
and 1 of binding cleft B. Residues important for binding are
highlighted.
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The above figures are
reprinted
by permission from the ASBMB:
J Biol Chem
(2004,
279,
21560-21568)
copyright 2004.
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Figures were
selected
by the author.
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