|
|
|
|
 |
Contents |
 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
* Residue conservation analysis
|
|
|
 |
|
|
 |
 |
 |
 |
Enzyme class:
|
 |
Chains E, M:
E.C.2.7.7.6
- DNA-directed Rna polymerase.
|
|
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
Reaction:
|
 |
Nucleoside triphosphate + RNA(n) = diphosphate + RNA(n+1)
|
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
Nucleoside triphosphate
|
+
|
RNA(n)
|
=
|
diphosphate
|
+
|
RNA(n+1)
|
|
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
|
Molecule diagrams generated from .mol files obtained from the
KEGG ftp site
|
|
 |
 |
|
 |
|
 |
|
|
Gene Ontology (GO) functional annotation
|
|
|
|
 |
 |
 |
|
 |
 |
 |
 |
|
 |
|
Biological process
|
cellular metabolic process
|
2 terms
|
 |
|
Biochemical function
|
catalytic activity
|
7 terms
|
 |
|
|
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
|
|
|
| |
|
|
| |
|
DOI no:
|
Mol Cell
8:1137-1143
(2001)
|
|
PubMed id:
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
Structure of an archaeal homolog of the eukaryotic RNA polymerase II RPB4/RPB7 complex.
|
|
F.Todone,
P.Brick,
F.Werner,
R.O.Weinzierl,
S.Onesti.
|
|
|
|
| |
ABSTRACT
|
|
|
| |
|
The eukaryotic subunits RPB4 and RPB7 form a heterodimer that reversibly
associates with the RNA polymerase II core and constitute the only two
components of the enzyme for which no structural information is available. We
have determined the crystal structure of the complex between the Methanococcus
jannaschii subunits E and F, the archaeal homologs of RPB7 and RPB4. Subunit E
has an elongated two-domain structure and contains two potential RNA binding
motifs, while the smaller F subunit wraps around one side of subunit E, at the
interface between the two domains. We propose a model for the interaction
between RPB4/RPB7 and the core RNA polymerase in which the RNA binding face of
RPB7 is positioned to interact with the nascent RNA transcript.
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Selected figure(s)
|
|
|
| |
 |
 |
|
 |
|
 |
Figure 3.
Figure 3. Surface Electrostatic PotentialMapping of the
electrostatic potential on the surface of the E/F complex, with
negative charges shown in red and positive charges in blue. On
the left-hand side of the picture, the complex is shown in the
same orientation as in Figure 2A (front), while on the
right-hand side it is rotated by 180° around a vertical axis
(back). The heterodimer shows a strikingly asymmetric charge
distribution, with one side of the complex (particularly subunit
F) highly negatively charged.
|
 |
Figure 4.
Figure 4. Proposed Model for the Interaction of RPB4/RPB7
with the RNA Polymerase CoreA schematic representation of the
RNAP[II] 10 subunit core is shown (viewed in a similar
orientation as the side view in Figures 3 and 6D of Cramer et
al. (2000), with RPB5 shown in red and the mobile clamp, which
closes onto the active side cleft upon nucleic acid binding,
shown in green. The predicted exit path for the nascent RNA
transcript is shown as a dashed line, and the proposed location
of the heterodimer shown as a blue circle. The structure of the
E/F complex is shown rotated by approximately 130° around a
vertical axis with respect to the orientation used in Figure 2A.
The position and orientation of the heterodimer is consistent
with a wide range of structural and biological results,
including low-resolution studies on 2D crystals and the
positioning of the S1 motif binding face onto the nascent RNA
transcript. The negatively charged surface of the F subunit is
positioned on the outside, the insertion in the yeast RPB4
structure can be easily accommodated, and RPB7 plays the main
role in the interaction, in agreement with the biochemical and
genetic results.
|
 |
|
|
|
| |
The above figures are
reprinted
by permission from Cell Press:
Mol Cell
(2001,
8,
1137-1143)
copyright 2001.
|
|
| |
Figures were
selected
by an automated process.
|
|
|
|
|
 |
 |
|
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
|
Literature references that cite this PDB file's key reference
|
|
 |
| |
PubMed id
|
 |
Reference
|
 |
|
|
|
 |
A.Hirtreiter,
D.Grohmann,
and
F.Werner
(2010).
Molecular mechanisms of RNA polymerase--the F/E (RPB4/7) complex is required for high processivity in vitro.
|
| |
Nucleic Acids Res, 38,
585-596.
|
 |
|
|
|
|
 |
A.Hirtreiter,
G.E.Damsma,
A.C.Cheung,
D.Klose,
D.Grohmann,
E.Vojnic,
A.C.Martin,
P.Cramer,
and
F.Werner
(2010).
Spt4/5 stimulates transcription elongation through the RNA polymerase clamp coiled-coil motif.
|
| |
Nucleic Acids Res, 38,
4040-4051.
|
 |
|
PDB code:
|
 |
|
|
|
|
|
 |
G.Cai,
T.Imasaki,
K.Yamada,
F.Cardelli,
Y.Takagi,
and
F.J.Asturias
(2010).
Mediator head module structure and functional interactions.
|
| |
Nat Struct Mol Biol, 17,
273-279.
|
 |
|
|
|
|
 |
A.Hirata,
and
K.S.Murakami
(2009).
Archaeal RNA polymerase.
|
| |
Curr Opin Struct Biol, 19,
724-731.
|
 |
|
|
|
|
 |
D.Grohmann,
A.Hirtreiter,
and
F.Werner
(2009).
RNAP subunits F/E (RPB4/7) are stably associated with archaeal RNA polymerase: using fluorescence anisotropy to monitor RNAP assembly in vitro.
|
| |
Biochem J, 421,
339-343.
|
 |
|
|
|
|
 |
H.Spåhr,
G.Calero,
D.A.Bushnell,
and
R.D.Kornberg
(2009).
Schizosacharomyces pombe RNA polymerase II at 3.6-A resolution.
|
| |
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 106,
9185-9190.
|
 |
|
PDB code:
|
 |
|
|
|
|
|
 |
J.Wang,
I.Dasgupta,
and
G.E.Fox
(2009).
Many nonuniversal archaeal ribosomal proteins are found in conserved gene clusters.
|
| |
Archaea, 2,
241-251.
|
 |
|
|
|
|
 |
Y.Korkhin,
U.M.Unligil,
O.Littlefield,
P.J.Nelson,
D.I.Stuart,
P.B.Sigler,
S.D.Bell,
and
N.G.Abrescia
(2009).
Evolution of Complex RNA Polymerases: The Complete Archaeal RNA Polymerase Structure.
|
| |
PLoS Biol, 7,
e102.
|
 |
|
PDB codes:
|
 |
|
|
|
|
|
 |
A.Hirata,
B.J.Klein,
and
K.S.Murakami
(2008).
The X-ray crystal structure of RNA polymerase from Archaea.
|
| |
Nature, 451,
851-854.
|
 |
|
PDB codes:
|
 |
|
|
|
|
|
 |
A.Hirata,
T.Kanai,
T.J.Santangelo,
M.Tajiri,
K.Manabe,
J.N.Reeve,
T.Imanaka,
and
K.S.Murakami
(2008).
Archaeal RNA polymerase subunits E and F are not required for transcription in vitro, but a Thermococcus kodakarensis mutant lacking subunit F is temperature-sensitive.
|
| |
Mol Microbiol, 70,
623-633.
|
 |
|
|
|
|
 |
P.Aliprandi,
C.Sizun,
J.Perez,
F.Mareuil,
S.Caputo,
J.L.Leroy,
B.Odaert,
S.Laalami,
M.Uzan,
and
F.Bontems
(2008).
S1 ribosomal protein functions in translation initiation and ribonuclease RegB activation are mediated by similar RNA-protein interactions: an NMR and SAXS analysis.
|
| |
J Biol Chem, 283,
13289-13301.
|
 |
|
|
|
|
 |
P.Cramer,
K.J.Armache,
S.Baumli,
S.Benkert,
F.Brueckner,
C.Buchen,
G.E.Damsma,
S.Dengl,
S.R.Geiger,
A.J.Jasiak,
A.Jawhari,
S.Jennebach,
T.Kamenski,
H.Kettenberger,
C.D.Kuhn,
E.Lehmann,
K.Leike,
J.F.Sydow,
and
A.Vannini
(2008).
Structure of eukaryotic RNA polymerases.
|
| |
Annu Rev Biophys, 37,
337-352.
|
 |
|
|
|
|
 |
S.J.Johnson,
D.Close,
H.Robinson,
I.Vallet-Gely,
S.L.Dove,
and
C.P.Hill
(2008).
Crystal structure and RNA binding of the Tex protein from Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
|
| |
J Mol Biol, 377,
1460-1473.
|
 |
|
PDB codes:
|
 |
|
|
|
|
|
 |
S.R.Geiger,
C.D.Kuhn,
C.Leidig,
J.Renkawitz,
and
P.Cramer
(2008).
Crystallization of RNA polymerase I subcomplex A14/A43 by iterative prediction, probing and removal of flexible regions.
|
| |
Acta Crystallogr Sect F Struct Biol Cryst Commun, 64,
413-418.
|
 |
|
|
|
|
 |
V.Goler-Baron,
M.Selitrennik,
O.Barkai,
G.Haimovich,
R.Lotan,
and
M.Choder
(2008).
Transcription in the nucleus and mRNA decay in the cytoplasm are coupled processes.
|
| |
Genes Dev, 22,
2022-2027.
|
 |
|
|
|
|
 |
V.Sampath,
B.Balakrishnan,
J.Verma-Gaur,
S.Onesti,
and
P.P.Sadhale
(2008).
Unstructured N terminus of the RNA polymerase II subunit Rpb4 contributes to the interaction of Rpb4.Rpb7 subcomplex with the core RNA polymerase II of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
|
| |
J Biol Chem, 283,
3923-3931.
|
 |
|
|
|
|
 |
C.D.Kuhn,
S.R.Geiger,
S.Baumli,
M.Gartmann,
J.Gerber,
S.Jennebach,
T.Mielke,
H.Tschochner,
R.Beckmann,
and
P.Cramer
(2007).
Functional architecture of RNA polymerase I.
|
| |
Cell, 131,
1260-1272.
|
 |
|
PDB code:
|
 |
|
|
|
|
|
 |
F.Werner
(2007).
Structure and function of archaeal RNA polymerases.
|
| |
Mol Microbiol, 65,
1395-1404.
|
 |
|
|
|
|
 |
R.Lotan,
V.Goler-Baron,
L.Duek,
G.Haimovich,
and
M.Choder
(2007).
The Rpb7p subunit of yeast RNA polymerase II plays roles in the two major cytoplasmic mRNA decay mechanisms.
|
| |
J Cell Biol, 178,
1133-1143.
|
 |
|
|
|
|
 |
S.Naji,
S.Grünberg,
and
M.Thomm
(2007).
The RPB7 orthologue E' is required for transcriptional activity of a reconstituted archaeal core enzyme at low temperatures and stimulates open complex formation.
|
| |
J Biol Chem, 282,
11047-11057.
|
 |
|
|
|
|
 |
A.J.Jasiak,
K.J.Armache,
B.Martens,
R.P.Jansen,
and
P.Cramer
(2006).
Structural biology of RNA polymerase III: subcomplex C17/25 X-ray structure and 11 subunit enzyme model.
|
| |
Mol Cell, 23,
71-81.
|
 |
|
PDB code:
|
 |
|
|
|
|
|
 |
A.Ujvári,
and
D.S.Luse
(2006).
RNA emerging from the active site of RNA polymerase II interacts with the Rpb7 subunit.
|
| |
Nat Struct Mol Biol, 13,
49-54.
|
 |
|
|
|
|
 |
B.Goede,
S.Naji,
O.von Kampen,
K.Ilg,
and
M.Thomm
(2006).
Protein-protein interactions in the archaeal transcriptional machinery: binding studies of isolated RNA polymerase subunits and transcription factors.
|
| |
J Biol Chem, 281,
30581-30592.
|
 |
|
|
|
|
 |
G.Delhon,
E.R.Tulman,
C.L.Afonso,
Z.Lu,
J.J.Becnel,
B.A.Moser,
G.F.Kutish,
and
D.L.Rock
(2006).
Genome of invertebrate iridescent virus type 3 (mosquito iridescent virus).
|
| |
J Virol, 80,
8439-8449.
|
 |
|
|
|
|
 |
M.Selitrennik,
L.Duek,
R.Lotan,
and
M.Choder
(2006).
Nucleocytoplasmic shuttling of the Rpb4p and Rpb7p subunits of Saccharomyces cerevisiae RNA polymerase II by two pathways.
|
| |
Eukaryot Cell, 5,
2092-2103.
|
 |
|
|
|
|
 |
C.Zaros,
and
P.Thuriaux
(2005).
Rpc25, a conserved RNA polymerase III subunit, is critical for transcription initiation.
|
| |
Mol Microbiol, 55,
104-114.
|
 |
|
|
|
|
 |
H.Meka,
F.Werner,
S.C.Cordell,
S.Onesti,
and
P.Brick
(2005).
Crystal structure and RNA binding of the Rpb4/Rpb7 subunits of human RNA polymerase II.
|
| |
Nucleic Acids Res, 33,
6435-6444.
|
 |
|
PDB code:
|
 |
|
|
|
|
|
 |
I.Djupedal,
M.Portoso,
H.Spåhr,
C.Bonilla,
C.M.Gustafsson,
R.C.Allshire,
and
K.Ekwall
(2005).
RNA Pol II subunit Rpb7 promotes centromeric transcription and RNAi-directed chromatin silencing.
|
| |
Genes Dev, 19,
2301-2306.
|
 |
|
|
|
|
 |
K.J.Armache,
S.Mitterweger,
A.Meinhart,
and
P.Cramer
(2005).
Structures of complete RNA polymerase II and its subcomplex, Rpb4/7.
|
| |
J Biol Chem, 280,
7131-7134.
|
 |
|
PDB codes:
|
 |
|
|
|
|
|
 |
M.S.Bartlett
(2005).
Determinants of transcription initiation by archaeal RNA polymerase.
|
| |
Curr Opin Microbiol, 8,
677-684.
|
 |
|
|
|
|
 |
Y.Imazawa,
K.Hisatake,
H.Mitsuzawa,
M.Matsumoto,
T.Tsukui,
K.Nakagawa,
T.Nakadai,
M.Shimada,
A.Ishihama,
and
Y.Nogi
(2005).
The fission yeast protein Ker1p is an ortholog of RNA polymerase I subunit A14 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and is required for stable association of Rrn3p and RPA21 in RNA polymerase I.
|
| |
J Biol Chem, 280,
11467-11474.
|
 |
|
|
|
|
 |
A.Goodchild,
N.F.Saunders,
H.Ertan,
M.Raftery,
M.Guilhaus,
P.M.Curmi,
and
R.Cavicchioli
(2004).
A proteomic determination of cold adaptation in the Antarctic archaeon, Methanococcoides burtonii.
|
| |
Mol Microbiol, 53,
309-321.
|
 |
|
|
|
|
 |
A.Ujvári,
and
D.S.Luse
(2004).
Newly Initiated RNA encounters a factor involved in splicing immediately upon emerging from within RNA polymerase II.
|
| |
J Biol Chem, 279,
49773-49779.
|
 |
|
|
|
|
 |
M.B.Renfrow,
N.Naryshkin,
L.M.Lewis,
H.T.Chen,
R.H.Ebright,
and
R.A.Scott
(2004).
Transcription factor B contacts promoter DNA near the transcription start site of the archaeal transcription initiation complex.
|
| |
J Biol Chem, 279,
2825-2831.
|
 |
|
|
|
|
 |
P.Cramer
(2004).
RNA polymerase II structure: from core to functional complexes.
|
| |
Curr Opin Genet Dev, 14,
218-226.
|
 |
|
|
|
|
 |
S.R.Singh,
N.Rekha,
B.Pillai,
V.Singh,
A.Naorem,
V.Sampath,
N.Srinivasan,
and
P.P.Sadhale
(2004).
Domainal organization of the lower eukaryotic homologs of the yeast RNA polymerase II core subunit Rpb7 reflects functional conservation.
|
| |
Nucleic Acids Res, 32,
201-210.
|
 |
|
|
|
|
 |
V.Anantharaman,
and
L.Aravind
(2004).
The SHS2 module is a common structural theme in functionally diverse protein groups, like Rpb7p, FtsA, GyrI, and MTH1598/TM1083 superfamilies.
|
| |
Proteins, 56,
795-807.
|
 |
|
|
|
|
 |
D.A.Bushnell,
and
R.D.Kornberg
(2003).
Complete, 12-subunit RNA polymerase II at 4.1-A resolution: implications for the initiation of transcription.
|
| |
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 100,
6969-6973.
|
 |
|
PDB code:
|
 |
|
|
|
|
|
 |
F.J.Asturias,
and
J.L.Craighead
(2003).
RNA polymerase II at initiation.
|
| |
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 100,
6893-6895.
|
 |
|
|
|
|
 |
G.A.Hartzog
(2003).
Transcription elongation by RNA polymerase II.
|
| |
Curr Opin Genet Dev, 13,
119-126.
|
 |
|
|
|
|
 |
H.Meka,
G.Daoust,
K.B.Arnvig,
F.Werner,
P.Brick,
and
S.Onesti
(2003).
Structural and functional homology between the RNAP(I) subunits A14/A43 and the archaeal RNAP subunits E/F.
|
| |
Nucleic Acids Res, 31,
4391-4400.
|
 |
|
|
|
|
 |
H.Mitsuzawa,
E.Kanda,
and
A.Ishihama
(2003).
Rpb7 subunit of RNA polymerase II interacts with an RNA-binding protein involved in processing of transcripts.
|
| |
Nucleic Acids Res, 31,
4696-4701.
|
 |
|
|
|
|
 |
J.N.Reeve
(2003).
Archaeal chromatin and transcription.
|
| |
Mol Microbiol, 48,
587-598.
|
 |
|
|
|
|
 |
K.J.Armache,
H.Kettenberger,
and
P.Cramer
(2003).
Architecture of initiation-competent 12-subunit RNA polymerase II.
|
| |
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 100,
6964-6968.
|
 |
|
PDB code:
|
 |
|
|
|
|
|
 |
M.Siaut,
C.Zaros,
E.Levivier,
M.L.Ferri,
M.Court,
M.Werner,
I.Callebaut,
P.Thuriaux,
A.Sentenac,
and
C.Conesa
(2003).
An Rpb4/Rpb7-like complex in yeast RNA polymerase III contains the orthologue of mammalian CGRP-RCP.
|
| |
Mol Cell Biol, 23,
195-205.
|
 |
|
|
|
|
 |
V.Sampath,
N.Rekha,
N.Srinivasan,
and
P.Sadhale
(2003).
The conserved and non-conserved regions of Rpb4 are involved in multiple phenotypes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
|
| |
J Biol Chem, 278,
51566-51576.
|
 |
|
|
|
|
 |
G.Peyroche,
E.Levillain,
M.Siaut,
I.Callebaut,
P.Schultz,
A.Sentenac,
M.Riva,
and
C.Carles
(2002).
The A14-A43 heterodimer subunit in yeast RNA pol I and their relationship to Rpb4-Rpb7 pol II subunits.
|
| |
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 99,
14670-14675.
|
 |
|
|
|
|
 |
J.L.Craighead,
W.H.Chang,
and
F.J.Asturias
(2002).
Structure of yeast RNA polymerase II in solution: implications for enzyme regulation and interaction with promoter DNA.
|
| |
Structure, 10,
1117-1125.
|
 |
|
|
|
|
 |
P.Cramer
(2002).
Multisubunit RNA polymerases.
|
| |
Curr Opin Struct Biol, 12,
89-97.
|
 |
|
|
|
|
 |
P.Hu,
S.Wu,
Y.Sun,
C.C.Yuan,
R.Kobayashi,
M.P.Myers,
and
N.Hernandez
(2002).
Characterization of human RNA polymerase III identifies orthologues for Saccharomyces cerevisiae RNA polymerase III subunits.
|
| |
Mol Cell Biol, 22,
8044-8055.
|
 |
|
 |
 |
|
The most recent references are shown first.
Citation data come partly from CiteXplore and partly
from an automated harvesting procedure. Note that this is likely to be
only a partial list as not all journals are covered by
either method. However, we are continually building up the citation data
so more and more references will be included with time.
Where a reference describes a PDB structure, the PDB
code is
shown on the right.
|
|