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High resolution X-ray structure of galactose mutarotase from Lactococcus lactis.

Thoden JB, Holden HM
J Biol Chem 277 20854-61 (2002)
Cited: 27 times
EuropePMC logo PMID: 11907040

Abstract

Galactose mutarotase plays a key role in normal galactose metabolism by catalyzing the interconversion of beta-D-galactose and alpha-D-galactose. Here we describe the three-dimensional architecture of galactose mutarotase from Lactococcus lactis determined to 1.9-A resolution. Each subunit of the dimeric enzyme displays a distinctive beta-sandwich motif. This tertiary structural element was first identified in beta-galactosidase and subsequently observed in copper amine oxidase, hyaluronate lyase, chondroitinase, and maltose phosphorylase. Two cis-peptides are found in each subunit, namely Pro(67) and Lys(136). The active site is positioned in a rather open cleft, and the electron density corresponding to the bound galactose unequivocally demonstrates that both anomers of the substrate are present in the crystalline enzyme. Those residues responsible for anchoring the sugar to the protein include Arg(71), His(96), His(170), Asp(243), and Glu(304). Both His(96) and His(170) are strictly conserved among mutarotase amino acid sequences determined thus far. The imidazole nitrogens of these residues are located within hydrogen bonding distance to the C-5 oxygen of galactose. Strikingly, the carboxylate group of Glu(304) is situated at approximately 2.7 A from the 1'-hydroxyl group of galactose, thereby suggesting its possible role as a general acid/base group.

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  2. Automated identification of protein-ligand interaction features using Inductive Logic Programming: a hexose binding case study. A Santos JC, Nassif H, Page D, Muggleton SH, E Sternberg MJ. BMC Bioinformatics 13 162 (2012)
  3. An Inductive Logic Programming Approach to Validate Hexose Binding Biochemical Knowledge. Nassif H, Al-Ali H, Khuri S, Keirouz W, Page D. Inductive Log Program 5989 149-165 (2010)


Reviews citing this publication (1)

  1. Structure and function of enzymes of the Leloir pathway for galactose metabolism. Holden HM, Rayment I, Thoden JB. J Biol Chem 278 43885-43888 (2003)

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  2. Structural and functional analysis of a glycoside hydrolase family 97 enzyme from Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron. Kitamura M, Okuyama M, Tanzawa F, Mori H, Kitago Y, Watanabe N, Kimura A, Tanaka I, Yao M. J Biol Chem 283 36328-36337 (2008)
  3. UDPgalactose 4-epimerase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. A bifunctional enzyme with aldose 1-epimerase activity. Majumdar S, Ghatak J, Mukherji S, Bhattacharjee H, Bhaduri A. Eur J Biochem 271 753-759 (2004)
  4. The central cavity from the (alpha/alpha)6 barrel structure of Anabaena sp. CH1 N-acetyl-D-glucosamine 2-epimerase contains two key histidine residues for reversible conversion. Lee YC, Wu HM, Chang YN, Wang WC, Hsu WH. J Mol Biol 367 895-908 (2007)
  5. Identification and characterisation of human aldose 1-epimerase. Timson DJ, Reece RJ. FEBS Lett 543 21-24 (2003)
  6. The catalytic mechanism of galactose mutarotase. Thoden JB, Kim J, Raushel FM, Holden HM. Protein Sci 12 1051-1059 (2003)
  7. Structural analysis of Escherichia coli OpgG, a protein required for the biosynthesis of osmoregulated periplasmic glucans. Hanoulle X, Rollet E, Clantin B, Landrieu I, Odberg-Ferragut C, Lippens G, Bohin JP, Villeret V. J Mol Biol 342 195-205 (2004)
  8. Structural insights into the monosaccharide specificity of Escherichia coli rhamnose mutarotase. Ryu KS, Kim JI, Cho SJ, Park D, Park C, Cheong HK, Lee JO, Choi BS. J Mol Biol 349 153-162 (2005)
  9. Structure-based functional annotation: yeast ymr099c codes for a D-hexose-6-phosphate mutarotase. Graille M, Baltaze JP, Leulliot N, Liger D, Quevillon-Cheruel S, van Tilbeurgh H. J Biol Chem 281 30175-30185 (2006)
  10. Galactomutarotase and other galactose-related genes are rapidly induced by retinoic acid in human myeloid cells. Pai T, Chen Q, Zhang Y, Zolfaghari R, Ross AC. Biochemistry 46 15198-15207 (2007)
  11. RhaU of Rhizobium leguminosarum is a rhamnose mutarotase. Richardson JS, Carpena X, Switala J, Perez-Luque R, Donald LJ, Loewen PC, Oresnik IJ. J Bacteriol 190 2903-2910 (2008)
  12. The Intergenic Interplay between Aldose 1-Epimerase-Like Protein and Pectin Methylesterase in Abiotic and Biotic Stress Control. Sheshukova EV, Komarova TV, Pozdyshev DV, Ershova NM, Shindyapina AV, Tashlitsky VN, Sheval EV, Dorokhov YL. Front Plant Sci 8 1646 (2017)
  13. Metabolism of galactose in the brain and liver of rats and its conversion into glutamate and other amino acids. Roser M, Josic D, Kontou M, Mosetter K, Maurer P, Reutter W. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 116 131-139 (2009)
  14. The effects of perfluorination on carbohydrate-pi interactions: computational studies of the interaction of benzene and hexafluorobenzene with fucose and cyclodextrin. Raju RK, Hillier IH, Burton NA, Vincent MA, Doudou S, Bryce RA. Phys Chem Chem Phys 12 7959-7967 (2010)
  15. Systematic characterization of a novel gal operon in Thermoanaerobacter tengcongensis. Qian Z, Meng B, Wang Q, Wang Z, Zhou C, Wang Q, Tu S, Lin L, Ma Y, Liu S. Microbiology (Reading) 155 1717-1725 (2009)
  16. UDP-galactose 4-epimerase from Kluyveromyces fragilis. Evidence for independent mutarotation site. Brahma A, Bhattacharyya D. Eur J Biochem 271 58-68 (2004)
  17. Crystal structures and enzyme mechanisms of a dual fucose mutarotase/ribose pyranase. Lee KH, Ryu KS, Kim MS, Suh HY, Ku B, Song YL, Ko S, Lee W, Oh BH. J Mol Biol 391 178-191 (2009)
  18. Deciphering the function of an ORF: Salmonella enterica DeoM protein is a new mutarotase specific for deoxyribose. Assairi L, Bertrand T, Ferdinand J, Slavova-Azmanova N, Christensen M, Briozzo P, Schaeffer F, Craescu CT, Neuhard J, Bârzu O, Gilles AM. Protein Sci 13 1295-1303 (2004)
  19. The metalloprotein YhcH is an anomerase providing N-acetylneuraminate aldolase with the open form of its substrate. Kentache T, Thabault L, Deumer G, Haufroid V, Frédérick R, Linster CL, Peracchi A, Veiga-da-Cunha M, Bommer GT, Van Schaftingen E. J Biol Chem 296 100699 (2021)
  20. Entamoeba histolytica: molecular characterization of an aldose 1-epimerase (mutarotase). Villalobo E, Wender N, Mirelman D. Exp Parasitol 110 298-302 (2005)
  21. Characterisation and expression of a gene encoding a mutarotase from the fungus Rhizopus nigricans. Vilfan T, Cresnar B, Fournier D, Stojan J, Breskvar K. FEMS Microbiol Lett 235 101-108 (2004)
  22. Cloning and Molecular Characterization of an Alpha-Glucosidase (MalH) from the Halophilic Archaeon Haloquadratum walsbyi. Cuebas-Irizarry MF, Irizarry-Caro RA, López-Morales C, Badillo-Rivera KM, Rodríguez-Minguela CM, Montalvo-Rodríguez R. Life (Basel) 7 E46 (2017)
  23. Analysis of Akkermansia muciniphila in Mulberry Galacto-Oligosaccharide Medium via Comparative Transcriptomics. Li E, Li S, Liu F, Li Q, Pang D, Wang H, Liao S, Zou Y. Foods 12 440 (2023)


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