1jkm Citations

Crystal structure of brefeldin A esterase, a bacterial homolog of the mammalian hormone-sensitive lipase.

Nat Struct Biol 6 340-5 (1999)
Cited: 94 times
EuropePMC logo PMID: 10201402

Abstract

Brefeldin A esterase (BFAE), a detoxifying enzyme isolated from Bacillus subtilis, hydrolyzes and inactivates BFA, a potent fungal inhibitor of intracellular vesicle-dependent secretory transport and poliovirus RNA replication. We have solved the crystal structure of BFAE and we discovered that the previously reported amino acid sequence was in serious error due to frame shifts in the cDNA sequence. The correct sequence, inferred from the experimentally phased electron density map, revealed that BFAE is a homolog of the mammalian hormone sensitive lipase (HSL). It is a canonical alpha/beta hydrolase with two insertions forming the substrate binding pocket. The enzyme contains a lipase-like catalytic triad, Ser 202, Asp 308 and His 338, consistent with mutational studies that implicate the homologous Ser 424, Asp 693 and His 723 in the catalytic triad in human HSL.

Reviews - 1jkm mentioned but not cited (1)

  1. Carboxylic ester hydrolases from hyperthermophiles. Levisson M, van der Oost J, Kengen SW. Extremophiles 13 567-581 (2009)

Articles - 1jkm mentioned but not cited (20)

  1. Crystal structure of hyperthermophilic esterase EstE1 and the relationship between its dimerization and thermostability properties. Byun JS, Rhee JK, Kim ND, Yoon J, Kim DU, Koh E, Oh JW, Cho HS. BMC Struct Biol 7 47 (2007)
  2. Structural basis for dimerization and catalysis of a novel esterase from the GTSAG motif subfamily of the bacterial hormone-sensitive lipase family. Li PY, Ji P, Li CY, Zhang Y, Wang GL, Zhang XY, Xie BB, Qin QL, Chen XL, Zhou BC, Zhang YZ. J Biol Chem 289 19031-19041 (2014)
  3. LipC (Rv0220) is an immunogenic cell surface esterase of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Shen G, Singh K, Chandra D, Serveau-Avesque C, Maurin D, Canaan S, Singla R, Behera D, Laal S. Infect Immun 80 243-253 (2012)
  4. Application of a sensitive collection heuristic for very large protein families: evolutionary relationship between adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) and classic mammalian lipases. Schneider G, Neuberger G, Wildpaner M, Tian S, Berezovsky I, Eisenhaber F. BMC Bioinformatics 7 164 (2006)
  5. Active site detection by spatial conformity and electrostatic analysis--unravelling a proteolytic function in shrimp alkaline phosphatase. Chakraborty S, Minda R, Salaye L, Bhattacharjee SK, Rao BJ. PLoS One 6 e28470 (2011)
  6. Structural insights of a hormone sensitive lipase homologue Est22. Huang J, Huo YY, Ji R, Kuang S, Ji C, Xu XW, Li J. Sci Rep 6 28550 (2016)
  7. Structural insights into the substrate specificity of two esterases from the thermophilic Rhizomucor miehei. Yang S, Qin Z, Duan X, Yan Q, Jiang Z. J Lipid Res 56 1616-1624 (2015)
  8. Biochemical identification and crystal structure of kynurenine formamidase from Drosophila melanogaster. Han Q, Robinson H, Li J. Biochem J 446 253-260 (2012)
  9. Esterase LpEst1 from Lactobacillus plantarum: a novel and atypical member of the αβ hydrolase superfamily of enzymes. Alvarez Y, Esteban-Torres M, Cortés-Cabrera A, Gago F, Acebrón I, Benavente R, Mardo K, de Las Rivas B, Muñoz R, Mancheño JM. PLoS One 9 e92257 (2014)
  10. CMASA: an accurate algorithm for detecting local protein structural similarity and its application to enzyme catalytic site annotation. Li GH, Huang JF. BMC Bioinformatics 11 439 (2010)
  11. "Hot cores" in proteins: comparative analysis of the apolar contact area in structures from hyper/thermophilic and mesophilic organisms. Paiardini A, Sali R, Bossa F, Pascarella S. BMC Struct Biol 8 14 (2008)
  12. Use of an Improved Matching Algorithm to Select Scaffolds for Enzyme Design Based on a Complex Active Site Model. Huang X, Xue J, Lin M, Zhu Y. PLoS One 11 e0156559 (2016)
  13. Semi-rational evolution of the 3-(3-hydroxyalkanoyloxy)alkanoate (HAA) synthase RhlA to improve rhamnolipid production in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Burkholderia glumae. Dulcey CE, López de Los Santos Y, Létourneau M, Déziel E, Doucet N. FEBS J 286 4036-4059 (2019)
  14. Structural and Biochemical Characterization of a Cold-Active PMGL3 Esterase with Unusual Oligomeric Structure. Boyko KM, Kryukova MV, Petrovskaya LE, Kryukova EA, Nikolaeva AY, Korzhenevsky DA, Lomakina GY, Novototskaya-Vlasova KA, Rivkina EM, Dolgikh DA, Kirpichnikov MP, Popov VO. Biomolecules 11 57 (2021)
  15. Purification, crystallization and preliminary crystallographic analysis of Est25: a ketoprofen-specific hormone-sensitive lipase. Kim S, Joo S, Yoon HC, Ryu Y, Kim KK, Kim TD. Acta Crystallogr Sect F Struct Biol Cryst Commun 63 579-581 (2007)
  16. The first description of a hormone-sensitive lipase from a basidiomycete: Structural insights and biochemical characterization revealed Bjerkandera adusta BaEstB as a novel esterase. Sánchez-Carbente MDR, Batista-García RA, Sánchez-Reyes A, Escudero-Garcia A, Morales-Herrera C, Cuervo-Soto LI, French-Pacheco L, Fernández-Silva A, Amero C, Castillo E, Folch-Mallol JL. Microbiologyopen 6 (2017)
  17. Structure and evolutionary trace-assisted screening of a residue swapping the substrate ambiguity and chiral specificity in an esterase. Cea-Rama I, Coscolín C, Katsonis P, Bargiela R, Golyshin PN, Lichtarge O, Ferrer M, Sanz-Aparicio J. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 19 2307-2317 (2021)
  18. Preliminary X-ray analysis of twinned crystals of the Q88Y25_Lacpl esterase from Lactobacillus plantarum WCFS1. Álvarez Y, Esteban-Torres M, Acebrón I, de las Rivas B, Muñoz R, Martínez-Ripoll M, Mancheño JM. Acta Crystallogr Sect F Struct Biol Cryst Commun 67 1436-1439 (2011)
  19. research-article Identification of amino acids related to catalytic function of Sulfolobus solfataricus P1 carboxylesterase by site-directed mutagenesis and molecular modeling. Choi YH, Lee YN, Park YJ, Yoon SJ, Lee HB. BMB Rep 49 349-354 (2016)
  20. Enhanced Production of (S)-2-arylpropionic Acids by Protein Engineering and Whole-Cell Catalysis. Liu X, Zhao M, Fan X, Fu Y. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 9 697677 (2021)


Reviews citing this publication (9)

  1. Alpha/beta hydrolase fold enzymes: the family keeps growing. Nardini M, Dijkstra BW. Curr Opin Struct Biol 9 732-737 (1999)
  2. Molecular mechanisms regulating hormone-sensitive lipase and lipolysis. Holm C, Osterlund T, Laurell H, Contreras JA. Annu Rev Nutr 20 365-393 (2000)
  3. Lipid metabolic enzymes: emerging drug targets for the treatment of obesity. Shi Y, Burn P. Nat Rev Drug Discov 3 695-710 (2004)
  4. On the control of lipolysis in adipocytes. Londos C, Brasaemle DL, Schultz CJ, Adler-Wailes DC, Levin DM, Kimmel AR, Rondinone CM. Ann N Y Acad Sci 892 155-168 (1999)
  5. Of barn owls and bankers: a lush variety of alpha/beta hydrolases. Heikinheimo P, Goldman A, Jeffries C, Ollis DL. Structure 7 R141-6 (1999)
  6. Selective mobilization of fatty acids from adipose tissue triacylglycerols. Raclot T. Prog Lipid Res 42 257-288 (2003)
  7. Metagenomic gene discovery: how far have we moved into novel sequence space? Tuffin M, Anderson D, Heath C, Cowan DA. Biotechnol J 4 1671-1683 (2009)
  8. Small-molecule compounds that modulate lipolysis in adipose tissue: targeting strategies and molecular classes. Wang M, Fotsch C. Chem Biol 13 1019-1027 (2006)
  9. Biochemical Characteristics of Microbial Enzymes and Their Significance from Industrial Perspectives. Thapa S, Li H, OHair J, Bhatti S, Chen FC, Nasr KA, Johnson T, Zhou S. Mol Biotechnol 61 579-601 (2019)

Articles citing this publication (64)

  1. Molecular interactions of a soluble gibberellin receptor, GID1, with a rice DELLA protein, SLR1, and gibberellin. Ueguchi-Tanaka M, Nakajima M, Katoh E, Ohmiya H, Asano K, Saji S, Hongyu X, Ashikari M, Kitano H, Yamaguchi I, Matsuoka M. Plant Cell 19 2140-2155 (2007)
  2. Improved prediction of protein-protein binding sites using a support vector machines approach. Bradford JR, Westhead DR. Bioinformatics 21 1487-1494 (2005)
  3. A novel lipase belonging to the hormone-sensitive lipase family induced under starvation to utilize stored triacylglycerol in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Deb C, Daniel J, Sirakova TD, Abomoelak B, Dubey VS, Kolattukudy PE. J Biol Chem 281 3866-3875 (2006)
  4. New thermophilic and thermostable esterase with sequence similarity to the hormone-sensitive lipase family, cloned from a metagenomic library. Rhee JK, Ahn DG, Kim YG, Oh JW. Appl Environ Microbiol 71 817-825 (2005)
  5. The crystal structure of a hyper-thermophilic carboxylesterase from the archaeon Archaeoglobus fulgidus. De Simone G, Menchise V, Manco G, Mandrich L, Sorrentino N, Lang D, Rossi M, Pedone C. J Mol Biol 314 507-518 (2001)
  6. Extremely stable and versatile carboxylesterase from a hyperthermophilic archaeon. Hotta Y, Ezaki S, Atomi H, Imanaka T. Appl Environ Microbiol 68 3925-3931 (2002)
  7. Screening for novel lipolytic enzymes from uncultured soil microorganisms. Lee SW, Won K, Lim HK, Kim JC, Choi GJ, Cho KY. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 65 720-726 (2004)
  8. A snapshot of a transition state analogue of a novel thermophilic esterase belonging to the subfamily of mammalian hormone-sensitive lipase. De Simone G, Galdiero S, Manco G, Lang D, Rossi M, Pedone C. J Mol Biol 303 761-771 (2000)
  9. Crystal structure of the human acyl protein thioesterase I from a single X-ray data set to 1.5 A. Devedjiev Y, Dauter Z, Kuznetsov SR, Jones TL, Derewenda ZS. Structure 8 1137-1146 (2000)
  10. B. subtilis ykuD protein at 2.0 A resolution: insights into the structure and function of a novel, ubiquitous family of bacterial enzymes. Bielnicki J, Devedjiev Y, Derewenda U, Dauter Z, Joachimiak A, Derewenda ZS. Proteins 62 144-151 (2006)
  11. Crystal structure of a thermostable lipase from Bacillus stearothermophilus P1. Tyndall JD, Sinchaikul S, Fothergill-Gilmore LA, Taylor P, Walkinshaw MD. J Mol Biol 323 859-869 (2002)
  12. Identification of two novel esterases from a marine metagenomic library derived from South China Sea. Chu X, He H, Guo C, Sun B. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 80 615-625 (2008)
  13. YLR099C (ICT1) encodes a soluble Acyl-CoA-dependent lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase responsible for enhanced phospholipid synthesis on organic solvent stress in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Ghosh AK, Ramakrishnan G, Rajasekharan R. J Biol Chem 283 9768-9775 (2008)
  14. Expression and characterization of the protein Rv1399c from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. A novel carboxyl esterase structurally related to the HSL family. Canaan S, Maurin D, Chahinian H, Pouilly B, Durousseau C, Frassinetti F, Scappuccini-Calvo L, Cambillau C, Bourne Y. Eur J Biochem 271 3953-3961 (2004)
  15. The crystal structure of an esterase from the hyperthermophilic microorganism Pyrobaculum calidifontis VA1 explains its enantioselectivity. Palm GJ, Fernández-Álvaro E, Bogdanović X, Bartsch S, Sczodrok J, Singh RK, Böttcher D, Atomi H, Bornscheuer UT, Hinrichs W. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 91 1061-1072 (2011)
  16. Role of the N terminus in enzyme activity, stability and specificity in thermophilic esterases belonging to the HSL family. Mandrich L, Merone L, Pezzullo M, Cipolla L, Nicotra F, Rossi M, Manco G. J Mol Biol 345 501-512 (2005)
  17. A cell wall-degrading esterase of Xanthomonas oryzae requires a unique substrate recognition module for pathogenesis on rice. Aparna G, Chatterjee A, Sonti RV, Sankaranarayanan R. Plant Cell 21 1860-1873 (2009)
  18. Mechanistic analysis of wheat chlorophyllase. Arkus KA, Cahoon EB, Jez JM. Arch Biochem Biophys 438 146-155 (2005)
  19. Characterization and heterologous gene expression of a novel esterase from Lactobacillus casei CL96. Choi YJ, Miguez CB, Lee BH. Appl Environ Microbiol 70 3213-3221 (2004)
  20. Chaperone-like activities of alpha-synuclein: alpha-synuclein assists enzyme activities of esterases. Ahn M, Kim S, Kang M, Ryu Y, Kim TD. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 346 1142-1149 (2006)
  21. Multifunctional xylooligosaccharide/cephalosporin C deacetylase revealed by the hexameric structure of the Bacillus subtilis enzyme at 1.9A resolution. Vincent F, Charnock SJ, Verschueren KH, Turkenburg JP, Scott DJ, Offen WA, Roberts S, Pell G, Gilbert HJ, Davies GJ, Brannigan JA. J Mol Biol 330 593-606 (2003)
  22. Chlorophyllase as a serine hydrolase: identification of a putative catalytic triad. Tsuchiya T, Suzuki T, Yamada T, Shimada H, Masuda T, Ohta H, Takamiya K. Plant Cell Physiol 44 96-101 (2003)
  23. The structure of the C-C bond hydrolase MhpC provides insights into its catalytic mechanism. Dunn G, Montgomery MG, Mohammed F, Coker A, Cooper JB, Robertson T, Garcia JL, Bugg TD, Wood SP. J Mol Biol 346 253-265 (2005)
  24. Interdomain hydrophobic interactions modulate the thermostability of microbial esterases from the hormone-sensitive lipase family. Li PY, Chen XL, Ji P, Li CY, Wang P, Zhang Y, Xie BB, Qin QL, Su HN, Zhou BC, Zhang YZ, Zhang XY. J Biol Chem 290 11188-11198 (2015)
  25. Activity screening of environmental metagenomic libraries reveals novel carboxylesterase families. Popovic A, Hai T, Tchigvintsev A, Hajighasemi M, Nocek B, Khusnutdinova AN, Brown G, Glinos J, Flick R, Skarina T, Chernikova TN, Yim V, Brüls T, Paslier DL, Yakimov MM, Joachimiak A, Ferrer M, Golyshina OV, Savchenko A, Golyshin PN, Yakunin AF. Sci Rep 7 44103 (2017)
  26. Structural classification by the Lipase Engineering Database: a case study of Candida antarctica lipase A. Widmann M, Juhl PB, Pleiss J. BMC Genomics 11 123 (2010)
  27. Analysis of thermal adaptation in the HSL enzyme family. Mandrich L, Pezzullo M, Del Vecchio P, Barone G, Rossi M, Manco G. J Mol Biol 335 357-369 (2004)
  28. Structure and stability of a thermostable carboxylesterase from the thermoacidophilic archaeon Sulfolobus tokodaii. Angkawidjaja C, Koga Y, Takano K, Kanaya S. FEBS J 279 3071-3084 (2012)
  29. Characterization of a novel thermostable carboxylesterase from Geobacillus kaustophilus HTA426 shows the existence of a new carboxylesterase family. Montoro-García S, Martínez-Martínez I, Navarro-Fernández J, Takami H, García-Carmona F, Sánchez-Ferrer A. J Bacteriol 191 3076-3085 (2009)
  30. Characterization of three new carboxylic ester hydrolases isolated by functional screening of a forest soil metagenomic library. Biver S, Vandenbol M. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 40 191-200 (2013)
  31. Structural and functional analysis of a novel EstE5 belonging to the subfamily of hormone-sensitive lipase. Nam KH, Kim MY, Kim SJ, Priyadarshi A, Lee WH, Hwang KY. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 379 553-556 (2009)
  32. A role for hormone-sensitive lipase in the selective mobilization of adipose tissue fatty acids. Raclot T, Holm C, Langin D. Biochim Biophys Acta 1532 88-96 (2001)
  33. From a metagenomic source to a high-resolution structure of a novel alkaline esterase. Pereira MR, Maester TC, Mercaldi GF, de Macedo Lemos EG, Hyvönen M, Balan A. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 101 4935-4949 (2017)
  34. Structural insights into the low pH adaptation of a unique carboxylesterase from Ferroplasma: altering the pH optima of two carboxylesterases. Ohara K, Unno H, Oshima Y, Hosoya M, Fujino N, Hirooka K, Takahashi S, Yamashita S, Kusunoki M, Nakayama T. J Biol Chem 289 24499-24510 (2014)
  35. A novel thermoalkalostable esterase from Acidicaldus sp. strain USBA-GBX-499 with enantioselectivity isolated from an acidic hot springs of Colombian Andes. López G, Chow J, Bongen P, Lauinger B, Pietruszka J, Streit WR, Baena S. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 98 8603-8616 (2014)
  36. The crystal structure of an EST2 mutant unveils structural insights on the H group of the carboxylesterase/lipase family. De Simone G, Menchise V, Alterio V, Mandrich L, Rossi M, Manco G, Pedone C. J Mol Biol 343 137-146 (2004)
  37. The crystal structure of an HSL-homolog EstE5 complex with PMSF reveals a unique configuration that inhibits the nucleophile Ser144 in catalytic triads. Nam KH, Kim SJ, Priyadarshi A, Kim HS, Hwang KY. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 389 247-250 (2009)
  38. Characterization of a cold-active lipase from Psychrobacter cryohalolentis K5(T) and its deletion mutants. Novototskaya-Vlasova KA, Petrovskaya LE, Rivkina EM, Dolgikh DA, Kirpichnikov MP. Biochemistry (Mosc) 78 385-394 (2013)
  39. Conservation of a novel protein associated with an antibiotic efflux operon in Burkholderia cenocepacia. Nair BM, Joachimiak LA, Chattopadhyay S, Montano I, Burns JL. FEMS Microbiol Lett 245 337-344 (2005)
  40. Identification of a phospholipase B encoded by the LPL1 gene in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Selvaraju K, Rajakumar S, Nachiappan V. Biochim Biophys Acta 1842 1383-1392 (2014)
  41. A bifunctional enzyme that has both monoacylglycerol acyltransferase and acyl hydrolase activities. Vijayaraj P, Jashal CB, Vijayakumar A, Rani SH, Venkata Rao DK, Rajasekharan R. Plant Physiol 160 667-683 (2012)
  42. Homology modeling and identification of serine 160 as nucleophile of the active site in a thermostable carboxylesterase from the archaeon Archaeoglobus fulgidus. Manco G, Camardella L, Febbraio F, Adamo G, Carratore V, Rossi M. Protein Eng 13 197-200 (2000)
  43. Simultaneous use of in silico design and a correlated mutation network as a tool to efficiently guide enzyme engineering. Nobili A, Tao Y, Pavlidis IV, van den Bergh T, Joosten HJ, Tan T, Bornscheuer UT. Chembiochem 16 805-810 (2015)
  44. Analysis of the psychrotolerant property of hormone-sensitive lipase through site-directed mutagenesis. Laurell H, Contreras JA, Castan I, Langin D, Holm C. Protein Eng 13 711-717 (2000)
  45. A putative novel alpha/beta hydrolase ORFan family in Bacillus. Siew N, Saini HK, Fischer D. FEBS Lett 579 3175-3182 (2005)
  46. Analysis of the thermostability determinants of hyperthermophilic esterase EstE1 based on its predicted three-dimensional structure. Rhee JK, Kim DY, Ahn DG, Yun JH, Jang SH, Shin HC, Cho HS, Pan JG, Oh JW. Appl Environ Microbiol 72 3021-3025 (2006)
  47. Cloning and expression of lipP, a gene encoding a cold-adapted lipase from Moritella sp.2-5-10-1. Yang X, Lin X, Fan T, Bian J, Huang X. Curr Microbiol 56 194-198 (2008)
  48. Identification of catalytically essential residues in Escherichia coli esterase by site-directed mutagenesis. Haruki M, Oohashi Y, Mizuguchi S, Matsuo Y, Morikawa M, Kanaya S. FEBS Lett 454 262-266 (1999)
  49. Biochemical and Structural Characterization of a novel thermophilic esterase EstD11 provide catalytic insights for the HSL family. Miguel-Ruano V, Rivera I, Rajkovic J, Knapik K, Torrado A, Otero JM, Beneventi E, Becerra M, Sánchez-Costa M, Hidalgo A, Berenguer J, González-Siso MI, Cruces J, Rúa ML, Hermoso JA. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 19 1214-1232 (2021)
  50. Crystal structures of two Bacillus carboxylesterases with different enantioselectivities. Rozeboom HJ, Godinho LF, Nardini M, Quax WJ, Dijkstra BW. Biochim Biophys Acta 1844 567-575 (2014)
  51. Crystal structure of an alpha/beta serine hydrolase (YDR428C) from Saccharomyces cerevisiae at 1.85 A resolution. Arndt JW, Schwarzenbacher R, Page R, Abdubek P, Ambing E, Biorac T, Canaves JM, Chiu HJ, Dai X, Deacon AM, DiDonato M, Elsliger MA, Godzik A, Grittini C, Grzechnik SK, Hale J, Hampton E, Han GW, Haugen J, Hornsby M, Klock HE, Koesema E, Kreusch A, Kuhn P, Jaroszewski L, Lesley SA, Levin I, McMullan D, McPhillips TM, Miller MD, Morse A, Moy K, Nigoghossian E, Ouyang J, Peti WS, Quijano K, Reyes R, Sims E, Spraggon G, Stevens RC, van den Bedem H, Velasquez J, Vincent J, von Delft F, Wang X, West B, White A, Wolf G, Xu Q, Zagnitko O, Hodgson KO, Wooley J, Wilson IA. Proteins 58 755-758 (2005)
  52. The thermophilic esterase from Archaeoglobus fulgidus: structure and conformational dynamics at high temperature. D'Auria S, Herman P, Lakowicz JR, Bertoli E, Tanfani F, Rossi M, Manco G. Proteins 38 351-360 (2000)
  53. Cloning and functional characterization of the ovine Hormone Sensitive Lipase (HSL) full-length cDNAs: an integrated approach. Lampidonis AD, Argyrokastritis A, Stravopodis DJ, Voutsinas GE, Ntouroupi TG, Margaritis LH, Bizelis I, Rogdakis E. Gene 416 30-43 (2008)
  54. Lipase-mediated stereoselective hydrolysis of stampidine and other phosphoramidate derivatives of stavudine. Venkatachalam TK, Samuel P, Li G, Qazi S, Mao C, Pendergrass S, Uckun FM. Bioorg Med Chem 12 3371-3381 (2004)
  55. A family of archaea-like carboxylesterases preferentially expressed in the symbiotic phase of the mychorrizal fungus Tuber melanosporum. Cavazzini D, Grossi G, Levati E, Vallese F, Montanini B, Bolchi A, Zanotti G, Ottonello S. Sci Rep 7 7628 (2017)
  56. Threading with chemostructural restrictions method for predicting fold and functionally significant residues: application to dipeptidylpeptidase IV (DPP-IV). Reva B, Finkelstein A, Topiol S. Proteins 47 180-193 (2002)
  57. Structural and catalytic response to temperature and cosolvents of carboxylesterase EST1 from the extremely thermoacidophilic archaeon Sulfolobus solfataricus P1. Sehgal AC, Tompson R, Cavanagh J, Kelly RM. Biotechnol Bioeng 80 784-793 (2002)
  58. The N-terminal His-tag affects the triglyceride lipase activity of hormone-sensitive lipase in testis. Wang F, Ren XF, Chen Z, Li XL, Zhu HJ, Li S, Ou XH, Zhang C, Zhang FX, Zhu BC. J Cell Biochem 120 13706-13716 (2019)
  59. EstDZ3: A New Esterolytic Enzyme Exhibiting Remarkable Thermostability. Zarafeta D, Szabo Z, Moschidi D, Phan H, Chrysina ED, Peng X, Ingham CJ, Kolisis FN, Skretas G. Front Microbiol 7 1779 (2016)
  60. Hypocholesterolaemic mechanism of bitter melon aqueous extracts via inhibition of pancreatic cholesterol esterase and reduction of cholesterol micellar solubility. Su J, Wang H, Ma C, Liu C, Gao C, Nie R, Tanver Rahman MR. Int J Food Sci Nutr 67 20-28 (2016)
  61. Bimolecular fluorescence complementation in structural biology. Song YH, Wilmanns M. Methods 45 219-222 (2008)
  62. Crystal structure and characterization of esterase Est25 mutants reveal improved enantioselectivity toward (S)-ketoprofen ethyl ester. Kim J, Seok SH, Hong E, Yoo TH, Seo MD, Ryu Y. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 101 2333-2342 (2017)
  63. Rational design of a carboxylic esterase RhEst1 based on computational analysis of substrate binding. Chen Q, Luan ZJ, Yu HL, Cheng X, Xu JH. J Mol Graph Model 62 319-324 (2015)
  64. C-Terminal β8-α9 Interaction Modulates Thermal Stability and Enzymatic Activity Differently in Hyperthermophilic Esterase EstE1 and Mesophilic Esterase rPPE. Nguyen TA, Jang SH, Lee C. Appl Environ Microbiol 89 e0066223 (2023)