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Overview
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Pathways & interactions
Thiolase, active site (IPR020610)
Short name: Thiolase_AS
Description
Two different types of thiolase [PMID: 1755959, PMID: 2191949, PMID: 1354266] are found both in eukaryotes and in prokaryotes: acetoacetyl-CoA thiolase (EC:2.3.1.9) and 3-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase (EC:2.3.1.16). 3-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase (also called thiolase I) has a broad chain-length specificity for its substrates and is involved in degradative pathways such as fatty acid beta-oxidation. Acetoacetyl-CoA thiolase (also called thiolase II) is specific for the thiolysis of acetoacetyl-CoA and involved in biosynthetic pathways such as poly beta-hydroxybutyrate synthesis or steroid biogenesis.
In eukaryotes, there are two forms of 3-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase: one located in the mitochondrion and the other in peroxisomes.
Mammalian nonspecific lipid-transfer protein (nsL-TP) (also known as sterol carrier protein 2) is a protein which seems to exist in two different forms: a 14 Kd protein (SCP-2) and a larger 58 Kd protein (SCP-x). The former is found in the cytoplasm or the mitochondria and is involved in lipid transport; the latter is found in peroxisomes. The C-terminal part of SCP-x is identical to SCP-2 while the N-terminal portion is evolutionary related to thiolases [PMID: 1755959].
There are two conserved cysteine residues important for thiolase activity. The first located in the N-terminal section of the enzymes is involved in the formation of an acyl-enzyme intermediate; the second, which is found in the signature pattern in this entry, is located at the C-terminal extremity and is the active site base involved in deprotonation in the condensation reaction [PMID: 15589695].
GO terms
Biological Process
No terms assigned in this category.
Molecular Function
GO:0016747 transferase activity, transferring acyl groups other than amino-acyl groups
Cellular Component
No terms assigned in this category.
Contributing signatures
- PS00099 (THIOLASE_3)