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Overview
C2 domain (IPR000008)
Short name: C2_dom
Overlapping homologous superfamilies
- C2 domain superfamily (IPR035892)
Domain relationships
- C2 domain (IPR000008)
- C2CD3, C2 domain (IPR037775)
- C2CD5, C2 domain (IPR037785)
- Calpain C2 domain (IPR033884)
- Copine, C2B domain (IPR037768)
- E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase HECW, C2 domain (IPR037795)
- Extended synaptotagmin, C-terminal C2 domain (IPR037752)
- Extended synaptotagmin, C2A domain (IPR037733)
- Extended synaptotagmin, C2B domain (IPR037749)
- Ferlin, fifth C2 domain (IPR037724)
- Ferlin, first C2 domain (IPR037726)
- Ferlin, fourth C2 domain (IPR037723)
- Ferlin, second C2 domain (IPR037720)
- Ferlin, sixth C2 domain (IPR037725)
- Ferlin, third C2 domain (IPR037722)
- Freud, C2 domain (IPR037772)
- Ingression protein 1, C2 domain (IPR037791)
- Mug190-like, C2A domain (IPR037767)
- Perforin-1, C2 domain (IPR037300)
- Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, C2 domain (IPR002420)
- Protein Unc-13, C2B domain (IPR037302)
- Protein kinase C-like, C2 domain (IPR037778)
- Serine/threonine-protein kinase N, C2 domain (IPR037784)
- Synaptotagmin 7, C2A domain (IPR037732)
- Synaptotagmin 7, C2B domain (IPR037741)
- Synaptotagmin-like protein 4/5, C2A domain (IPR037303)
- Tandem C2 domains nuclear protein, C2A domain (IPR037786)
- Tandem C2 domains nuclear protein, C2B domain (IPR037788)
- Tensin phosphatase, C2 domain (IPR014020)
- Toll-interacting protein, C2 domain (IPR037301)
- Tricalbin, C2A domain (IPR037761)
- Tricalbin, C2B domain (IPR037765)
- Tricalbin, C2C domain (IPR037762)
- Tricalbin, C2D domain (IPR037756)
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Description
The C2 domain is a Ca2+-dependent membrane-targeting module found in many cellular proteins involved in signal transduction or membrane trafficking. C2 domains are unique among membrane targeting domains in that they show wide range of lipid selectivity for the major components of cell membranes, including phosphatidylserine and phosphatidylcholine. This C2 domain is about 116 amino-acid residues and is located between the two copies of the C1 domain in Protein Kinase C and the protein kinase catalytic domain [PMID: 22453964]. Regions with significant homology [PMID: 7559667] to the C2-domain have been found in many proteins. The C2 domain is thought to be involved in calcium-dependent phospholipid binding [PMID: 8253763] and in membrane targetting processes such as subcellular localisation.
The 3D structure of the C2 domain of synaptotagmin has been reported [PMID: 7697723], the domain forms an eight-stranded beta sandwich constructed around a conserved 4-stranded motif, designated a C2 key [PMID: 7697723]. Calcium binds in a cup-shaped depression formed by the N- and C-terminal loops of the C2-key motif. Structural analyses of several C2 domains have shown them to consist of similar ternary structures in which three Ca2+-binding loops are located at the end of an 8 stranded antiparallel beta sandwich.