InterPro: IPR013786 Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase/oxidase, N-terminal

Acyl-CoA dehydrogenases (EC:1.3.99.3) are a family of flavoproteins that catalyse the alpha,beta-dehydrogenation of acyl-CoA thioesters to the corresponding trans 2,3-enoyl CoA-products with the concomitant reduction of enzyme-bound FAD. Different family members share a high sequence identity, catalytic mechanisms, and structural properties, but differ in the position of their catalytic bases and in their substrate binding specificity. Butyryl-CoA dehydrogenase [1] prefers short chain substrates, medium chain- and long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenases prefer medium and long chain substrates, respectively, and Isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase [2] prefers branched-chain substrates.

The monomeric enzyme is folded into three domains of approximately equal size, where the N-terminal domain is all-alpha, the middle domain is an open (5,8) barrel, and the C-terminal domain is a four-helical bundle. The constituent families differ in the numbers of C-terminal domains. This entry represents the N-terminal alpha-helical domain found in medium chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenases, as well as in the related peroxisomal acyl-CoA oxidase-II enzymes. Acyl-CoA oxidase (ACO; EC:1.3.3.6) catalyzes the first and rate-determining step of the peroxisomal beta-oxidation of fatty acids [3].