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InterPro: IPR009003 Serine/cysteine peptidase, trypsin-like

Protein matchesHelp
UniProtKB
Matches:
29668 proteins
AccessionHelp IPR009003 Ser/Cys_Pept_Trypsin-like
TypeHelp Domain
SignaturesHelp
InterPro RelationshipsHelp
Children IPR000317 Peptidase C24, Calicivirus polyprotein ORF 1
IPR000382 Peptidase S39B, luteovirus
IPR000930 Peptidase S3, togavirin
IPR001254 Peptidase S1/S6, chymotrypsin/Hap
IPR001730 Peptidase C4, potyvirus nuclear inclusion A
IPR001850 Peptidase S7, flavivirus helicase (NS3)
IPR004109 Peptidase S29, hepatitus C polyprotein NS3
IPR019500 Peptidase S46
Found in IPR000280 Peptidase S31, pestivurus polyprotein NS3/p80
IPR001665 Peptidase C37, calicivirin
IPR005514 Protein of unknown function DUF316
IPR008760 Equine arteritis virus peptidase S32
IPR012985 Peptidase S64, Ssy5
IPR015420 Domain of unknown function DUF1986
IPR017323 Lysyl endopeptidase
IPR018019 Luteovirus ORF2 putative replicase 1
Contains IPR000126 Peptidase S1B, active site
IPR000199 Peptidase C3A/C3B, picornaviral
IPR008740 Peptidase C30, Coronavirus endopeptidase
IPR018114 Peptidase S1/S6, chymotrypsin/Hap, active site
GO Term annotationHelp
Function GO:0003824 catalytic activity
InterPro annotation
BioMart Logo Entry Details in BioMart
AbstractHelp

In the MEROPS database peptidases and peptidase homologues are grouped into clans and families. Clans are groups of families for which there is evidence of common ancestry based on a common structural fold:

  • Each clan is identified with two letters, the first representing the catalytic type of the families included in the clan (with the letter 'P' being used for a clan containing families of more than one of the catalytic types serine, threonine and cysteine). Some families cannot yet be assigned to clans, and when a formal assignment is required, such a family is described as belonging to clan A-, C-, M-, S-, T- or U-, according to the catalytic type. Some clans are divided into subclans because there is evidence of a very ancient divergence within the clan, for example MA(E), the gluzincins, and MA(M), the metzincins.
  • Peptidase families are grouped by their catalytic type, the first character representing the catalytic type: A, aspartic; C, cysteine; G, glutamic acid; M, metallo; S, serine; T, threonine; and U, unknown. The serine, threonine and cysteine peptidases utilise the amino acid as a nucleophile and form an acyl intermediate - these peptidases can also readily act as transferases. In the case of aspartic, glutamic and metallopeptidases, the nucleophile is an activated water molecule.

In many instances the structural protein fold that characterises the clan or family may have lost its catalytic activity, yet retain its function in protein recognition and binding.

Proteolytic enzymes that exploit serine in their catalytic activity are ubiquitous, being found in viruses, bacteria and eukaryotes [1]. They include a wide range of peptidase activity, including exopeptidase, endopeptidase, oligopeptidase and omega-peptidase activity. Over 20 families (denoted S1 - S66) of serine protease have been identified, these being grouped into clans on the basis of structural similarity and other functional evidence [1]. Structures are known for members of the clans and the structures indicate that some appear to be totally unrelated, suggesting different evolutionary origins for the serine peptidases [1].

Not withstanding their different evolutionary origins, there are similarities in the reaction mechanisms of several peptidases. Chymotrypsin, subtilisin and carboxypeptidase C have a catalytic triad of serine, aspartate and histidine in common: serine acts as a nucleophile, aspartate as an electrophile, and histidine as a base [1]. The geometric orientations of the catalytic residues are similar between families, despite different protein folds [1]. The linear arrangements of the catalytic residues commonly reflect clan relationships. For example the catalytic triad in the chymotrypsin clan (PA) is ordered HDS, but is ordered DHS in the subtilisin clan (SB) and SDH in the carboxypeptidase clan (SC) [1, 2].

Cysteine peptidases have characteristic molecular topologies, which can be seen not only in their three-dimensional structures, but commonly also in the two-dimensional structures. These are peptidases in which the nucleophile is the sulphydryl group of a cysteine residue. Cysteine proteases are divided into clans (proteins which are evolutionary related), and further sub-divided into families, on the basis of the architecture of their catalytic dyad or triad [3].

This signature recognises a large group of serine and cysteine peptidases (including prokaryotic, eukaryotic and viral), which share a common closed beta barrel structure.

Structural linksHelp
PDB - click here
Database linksHelp
Enzyme: EC:3.4
MEROPS: C3 , S1 , S29 , S3 , S7

Taxonomic coverageHelp

Overlapping InterPro entriesHelp
IPR009003 Numbers of overlapping proteins Average numbers of overlapping amino acids

Example proteinsHelp
A6ZQH6 SPS-sensor serine protease component SSY5

O00187 Mannan-binding lectin serine protease 2

O22609 Protease Do-like 1, chloroplastic

O62589 Serine protease gd

P00756 Kallikrein 1-related peptidase b3

More proteins


Example Proteins Key


InterPro entry accession number/name and structure databases Colour code
IPR001881 EGF-like calcium-binding
IPR001254 Peptidase S1/S6, chymotrypsin/Hap
IPR001940 Peptidase S1C, HrtA/DegP2/Q/S
IPR012985 Peptidase S64, Ssy5
IPR000859 CUB
IPR009003 Serine/cysteine peptidase, trypsin-like
IPR016060 Complement control module
IPR001478 PDZ/DHR/GLGF
IPR000152 EGF-type aspartate/asparagine hydroxylation site
IPR018114 Peptidase S1/S6, chymotrypsin/Hap, active site
IPR013032 EGF-like region, conserved site
IPR000436 Sushi/SCR/CCP
IPR001314 Peptidase S1A, chymotrypsin
IPR018097 EGF-like calcium-binding, conserved site
PDB Chain
ModBase
CATH Domain
SWISS-MODEL
SCOP Domain

PublicationsHelp
1. Rawlings ND, Barrett AJ.
Families of serine peptidases.
Meth. Enzymol. 244 19-61 1994 [PubMed: 7845208]
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0076-6879(94)44004-2
2. Rawlings ND, Barrett AJ.
Evolutionary families of peptidases.
Biochem. J. 290 ( Pt 1) 205-18 1993 [PubMed: 8439290]
http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/picrender.fcgi?tool=EBI&pubmedid=8439290&action=stream&blobtype=pdf
3. Barrett AJ, Rawlings ND.
Evolutionary lines of cysteine peptidases.
Biol. Chem. 382 727-33 2001 [PubMed: 11517925]
http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/BC.2001.088

Additional ReadingHelp
Frederickson M, Callaghan O, Chessari G, Congreve M, Cowan SR, Matthews JE, McMenamin R, Smith DM, Vinkovic M, Wallis NG.
Fragment-based discovery of mexiletine derivatives as orally bioavailable inhibitors of urokinase-type plasminogen activator.
J. Med. Chem. 51 2008 183-6 [PubMed: 18163548]
http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jm701359z
Getun IV, Brown CK, Tulla-Puche J, Ohlendorf D, Woodward C, Barany G.
Partially folded bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor analogues attain fully native structures when co-crystallized with S195A rat trypsin.
J. Mol. Biol. 375 2008 812-23 [PubMed: 18054043]
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmb.2007.10.084
Page MJ, Carrell CJ, Di Cera E.
Engineering protein allostery: 1.05 A resolution structure and enzymatic properties of a Na+-activated trypsin.
J. Mol. Biol. 378 2008 666-72 [PubMed: 18377928]
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmb.2008.03.003
Lima LM, Becker CF, Giesel GM, Marques AF, Cargnelutti MT, de Oliveira Neto M, Monteiro RQ, Verli H, Polikarpov I.
Structural and thermodynamic analysis of thrombin:suramin interaction in solution and crystal phases.
Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1794 2009 873-81 [PubMed: 19332154]
Qiao JX, Cheney DL, Alexander RS, Smallwood AM, King SR, He K, Rendina AR, Luettgen JM, Knabb RM, Wexler RR, Lam PY.
Achieving structural diversity using the perpendicular conformation of alpha-substituted phenylcyclopropanes to mimic the bioactive conformation of ortho-substituted biphenyl P4 moieties: discovery of novel, highly potent inhibitors of Factor Xa.
Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 18 2008 4118-23 [PubMed: 18550370]
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.05.095
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InterPro 23.1