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InterPro: IPR001254 Peptidase S1/S6, chymotrypsin/Hap

Protein matchesHelp
UniProtKB
Matches:
14138 proteins
AccessionHelp IPR001254 Peptidase_S1_S6
TypeHelp Domain
SignaturesHelp
InterPro RelationshipsHelp
Parent IPR009003 Serine/cysteine peptidase, trypsin-like
Children IPR001314 Peptidase S1A, chymotrypsin
IPR008256 Peptidase S1B, glutamyl endopeptidase I
Found in IPR001316 Peptidase S1A, streptogrisin
IPR001940 Peptidase S1C, HrtA/DegP2/Q/S
IPR011782 Peptidase S1C, Do
IPR011783 Peptidase S1C, DegS
IPR015724 Serine endopeptidase DegP2
IPR017343 Uncharacterised conserved protein UCP037987
IPR017345 Peptidase S1A, Tysnd1
Contains IPR000126 Peptidase S1B, active site
IPR018114 Peptidase S1/S6, chymotrypsin/Hap, active site
GO Term annotationHelp
Process GO:0006508 proteolysis
Function GO:0004252 serine-type endopeptidase activity
InterPro annotation
BioMart Logo Entry Details in BioMart
AbstractHelp

In the MEROPS database peptidases and peptidase homologues are grouped into clans and families. Clans are groups of families for which there is evidence of common ancestry based on a common structural fold:

  • Each clan is identified with two letters, the first representing the catalytic type of the families included in the clan (with the letter 'P' being used for a clan containing families of more than one of the catalytic types serine, threonine and cysteine). Some families cannot yet be assigned to clans, and when a formal assignment is required, such a family is described as belonging to clan A-, C-, M-, S-, T- or U-, according to the catalytic type. Some clans are divided into subclans because there is evidence of a very ancient divergence within the clan, for example MA(E), the gluzincins, and MA(M), the metzincins.
  • Peptidase families are grouped by their catalytic type, the first character representing the catalytic type: A, aspartic; C, cysteine; G, glutamic acid; M, metallo; S, serine; T, threonine; and U, unknown. The serine, threonine and cysteine peptidases utilise the amino acid as a nucleophile and form an acyl intermediate - these peptidases can also readily act as transferases. In the case of aspartic, glutamic and metallopeptidases, the nucleophile is an activated water molecule.

In many instances the structural protein fold that characterises the clan or family may have lost its catalytic activity, yet retain its function in protein recognition and binding.

Proteolytic enzymes that exploit serine in their catalytic activity are ubiquitous, being found in viruses, bacteria and eukaryotes [1]. They include a wide range of peptidase activity, including exopeptidase, endopeptidase, oligopeptidase and omega-peptidase activity. Over 20 families (denoted S1 - S66) of serine protease have been identified, these being grouped into clans on the basis of structural similarity and other functional evidence [1]. Structures are known for members of the clans and the structures indicate that some appear to be totally unrelated, suggesting different evolutionary origins for the serine peptidases [1].

Not withstanding their different evolutionary origins, there are similarities in the reaction mechanisms of several peptidases. Chymotrypsin, subtilisin and carboxypeptidase C have a catalytic triad of serine, aspartate and histidine in common: serine acts as a nucleophile, aspartate as an electrophile, and histidine as a base [1]. The geometric orientations of the catalytic residues are similar between families, despite different protein folds [1]. The linear arrangements of the catalytic residues commonly reflect clan relationships. For example the catalytic triad in the chymotrypsin clan (PA) is ordered HDS, but is ordered DHS in the subtilisin clan (SB) and SDH in the carboxypeptidase clan (SC) [1, 2].

This group of serine proteases belong to the MEROPS peptidase family S1 (chymotrypsin family, clan PA(S))and to peptidase family S6 (Hap serine peptidases).

The chymotrypsin family is almost totally confined to animals, although trypsin-like enzymes are found in actinomycetes of the genera Streptomyces and Saccharopolyspora, and in the fungus Fusarium oxysporum [1]. The enzymes are inherently secreted, being synthesised with a signal peptide that targets them to the secretory pathway. Animal enzymes are either secreted directly, packaged into vesicles for regulated secretion, or are retained in leukocyte granules [1].

The Hap family, 'Haemophilus adhesion and penetration', are proteins that play a role in the interaction with human epithelial cells. The serine protease activity is localized at the N-terminal domain, whereas the binding domain is in the C-terminal region.

Structural linksHelp
PDB - click here
CATH: 2.40.10.10
Database linksHelp
PDBe-motif: PS00134 , PS00135
Enzyme: EC:3.4.21
PROSITE doc: PDOC00124
PANDIT: PF00089
Blocks: IPB001254
MEROPS: S1
Pfam Clan: CL0124.11
InteractionsHelp
This domain has been experimentally proven to be involved in Protein:Protein interactions.
Representative data is shown with the following example proteins:

Taxonomic coverageHelp

Overlapping InterPro entriesHelp
IPR001254 Numbers of overlapping proteins Average numbers of overlapping amino acids

Example proteinsHelp
O00187 Mannan-binding lectin serine protease 2

O22609 Protease Do-like 1, chloroplastic

O62589 Serine protease gd

P00756 Kallikrein 1-related peptidase b3

P00775 Trypsin

More proteins


Example Proteins Key


InterPro entry accession number/name and structure databases Colour code
IPR001881 EGF-like calcium-binding
IPR001254 Peptidase S1/S6, chymotrypsin/Hap
IPR001940 Peptidase S1C, HrtA/DegP2/Q/S
IPR000859 CUB
IPR009003 Serine/cysteine peptidase, trypsin-like
IPR016060 Complement control module
IPR001478 PDZ/DHR/GLGF
IPR000152 EGF-type aspartate/asparagine hydroxylation site
IPR018114 Peptidase S1/S6, chymotrypsin/Hap, active site
IPR013032 EGF-like region, conserved site
IPR000436 Sushi/SCR/CCP
IPR001314 Peptidase S1A, chymotrypsin
IPR018097 EGF-like calcium-binding, conserved site
PDB Chain
ModBase
CATH Domain
SWISS-MODEL
SCOP Domain

PublicationsHelp
1. Rawlings ND, Barrett AJ.
Families of serine peptidases.
Meth. Enzymol. 244 19-61 1994 [PubMed: 7845208]
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0076-6879(94)44004-2
2. Rawlings ND, Barrett AJ.
Evolutionary families of peptidases.
Biochem. J. 290 ( Pt 1) 205-18 1993 [PubMed: 8439290]
http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/picrender.fcgi?tool=EBI&pubmedid=8439290&action=stream&blobtype=pdf

Additional ReadingHelp
Salameh MA, Soares AS, Hockla A, Radisky ES.
Structural basis for accelerated cleavage of bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor (BPTI) by human mesotrypsin.
J. Biol. Chem. 283 2008 4115-23 [PubMed: 18077447]
http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M708268200
Brenner S.
The molecular evolution of genes and proteins: a tale of two serines.
Nature 334 1988 528-30 [PubMed: 3136396]
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/334528a0
Getun IV, Brown CK, Tulla-Puche J, Ohlendorf D, Woodward C, Barany G.
Partially folded bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor analogues attain fully native structures when co-crystallized with S195A rat trypsin.
J. Mol. Biol. 375 2008 812-23 [PubMed: 18054043]
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmb.2007.10.084
Lee TW, James MN.
1.2A-resolution crystal structures reveal the second tetrahedral intermediates of streptogrisin B (SGPB).
Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1784 2008 319-34 [PubMed: 18157955]
Lima LM, Becker CF, Giesel GM, Marques AF, Cargnelutti MT, de Oliveira Neto M, Monteiro RQ, Verli H, Polikarpov I.
Structural and thermodynamic analysis of thrombin:suramin interaction in solution and crystal phases.
Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1794 2009 873-81 [PubMed: 19332154]
Hobson JP, Netzel-Arnett S, Szabo R, Rehault SM, Church FC, Strickland DK, Lawrence DA, Antalis TM, Bugge TH.
Mouse DESC1 is located within a cluster of seven DESC1-like genes and encodes a type II transmembrane serine protease that forms serpin inhibitory complexes.
J. Biol. Chem. 279 2004 46981-94 [PubMed: 15328353]
http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M403299200
Kervinen J, Abad M, Crysler C, Kolpak M, Mahan AD, Masucci JA, Bayoumy S, Cummings MD, Yao X, Olson M, de Garavilla L, Kuo L, Deckman I, Spurlino J.
Structural basis for elastolytic substrate specificity in rodent alpha-chymases.
J. Biol. Chem. 283 2008 427-36 [PubMed: 17981788]
http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M707157200
Sprang S, Standing T, Fletterick RJ, Stroud RM, Finer-Moore J, Xuong NH, Hamlin R, Rutter WJ, Craik CS.
The three-dimensional structure of Asn102 mutant of trypsin: role of Asp102 in serine protease catalysis.
Science 237 1987 905-9 [PubMed: 3112942]
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/237/4817/905
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InterPro 23.1