Archaea

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There are two major classes of prokayotes: bacteria and archaea. Their DNA is usually circular DNA and NOT contained in a nucleus. Archaeans are single-celled organisms, resembling bacteria. They have some genes that are similar to those of bacteria and others that have a more similar to those found in eukaryotes. They also have some genes that are unlike any of those found in other organisms.

Learn more about archaea.

Archaea	Description
Aeropyrum pernix	was the first aerobic member of the Archaea to be sequenced
Archaeoglobus fulgidus	metabolises sulfur
Haloarcula marismortui	is a Halophilic microorganism that thrives in extreme saline environments such as the Dead Sea.
Halobacterium salinarum	are responsible for the bright pink or red appearance of the Dead Sea and other bodies of salt water
Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum	produces methane from CO2
Methanocaldococcus jannaschii	cannot tolerate oxygen and is one of the methane-producing microbes
Methanococcus maripaludis	converts organic waste material into methane and carbon dioxide
Methanopyrus kandleri	produces methane and grows optimally at temperatures near and above the boiling point of water
Methanosarcina acetivorans	is one of the most versatile methane-producing microbes
Methanosarcina barkeri	causes methane gas production in cattle and contains a "new" amino acid
Methanosarcina mazei	is one of the only organisms that ferment acetate, methylamines and methanol to methane, carbon dioxide and ammonia
Methanosphaera stadtmanae	generates methane only by reduction of methanol with H2
Nanoarchaeum equitans	has one of the smallest genomes of any sequenced microbe
Natronomonas pharaonis	is an extremely haloalkaliphilic archaeon that is studied for Nitrogen metabolism
Picrophilus torridus	is one of the most thermoacidophilic organisms known
Pyrobaculum aerophilum	is useful for investigating the molecular basis of heat resistance
Pyrococcus abyssi	is a hyperthermophile
Pyrococcus furiosus	is also highly resistant to radiation and may possess an efficient system for repairing DNA
Pyrococcus horikoshii	is a hyperthermophile that grows optimally at 98C
Sulfolobus acidocaldarius	is a model for research on mechanisms of DNA replication
Sulfolobus solfataricus	is a model species for investigating DNA replication, the cell cycle, and RNA processing
Sulfolobus tokodaii	able to convert hydrogen sulfide to sulfate and may have industrial applications, such as wastewater treatment
Thermococcus kodakaraensis	is an hyperthermophilic archaeon with an optimum growth temperature of between 65 and 100 degrees celsius
Thermoplasma acidophilum	lives in a particularly harsh environment — hot and acidic — without the protection of a rigid cell wall
Thermoplasma volcanium	is able to live in the presence of oxygen as well as in environments lacking oxygen